Economists were thinking that if the human population grew unchecked, there wouldn’t be enough living space and food for everyone.
What was Malthus’ conclusions?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Malthus
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Thomas Malthus was an economist and demographer who proposed the idea of population growth and its implications on resources in his essay, "An Essay on the Principle of Population." His conclusions can be summarized as follows:
1. Population tends to grow at a geometric rate (exponentially), while the means of subsistence (such as food production) only increase arithmetically (linearly). In other words, population growth outpaces the growth of resources.
2. The limited availability of resources, coupled with population growth, would lead to scarcity and competition for those resources.
3. When the population exceeds the capacity of resources, it would result in "checks" on population growth. These checks can be positive (such as famine, disease, and war) or preventive (such as late marriage, moral restraint, and birth control).
4. Malthus argued that these checks would eventually bring the population into balance with the available resources, preventing an unsustainable population explosion.
Malthus's conclusions were controversial during his time and continue to be debated among economists today. It is important to note that his theories did not accurately predict future developments in agricultural productivity, technological advancements, and social changes that have influenced patterns of resource consumption and population growth.