After helping me to understand this, could you please tell me the specific names for these functional groups:
AMINE: NH2
AMIDE: H-N-C=O
Thank-you
A carbon atom with a -NH2 group attached is an amine. Examples are ethyl amine, methyl amine, etc.
ethyl amine is C2H5NH2.
methyl amine is CH3NH2.
The -C=O with -NH2 attached to the C (in addition to the =O and the -, is an amide.
It may appear to the uninitiated that the amide has an amine group in it but that isn't so. If the -NH2 group is attached to a carbon atom by itself it is an amine. BUT, if the carbon atom to which the NH2 group is attached has a =O on it, the C=O(NH2) group together is a group and that is an amide. Amines are basic. Amides are neutral. I hope this is what you were looking for.
To determine the specific names for the given functional groups, we can use the IUPAC nomenclature system, which provides a systematic way to name organic compounds.
For the amine group, which is NH2, the specific name depends on the number of carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. Let's take two examples:
1. Ethyl amine (C2H5NH2): In this case, the nitrogen atom is attached to two carbon atoms, so the prefix "ethyl" is used to indicate the presence of two carbon atoms. The suffix "amine" indicates the presence of the NH2 group.
2. Methyl amine (CH3NH2): In this case, the nitrogen atom is attached to one carbon atom, so the prefix "methyl" is used to indicate the presence of one carbon atom. Again, the suffix "amine" indicates the presence of the NH2 group.
Now let's move on to the amide group, which is H-N-C=O. The specific name of an amide also depends on the carbon atom to which the NH2 group is attached. We'll take an example:
Hence, the name for the amide group H-N-C=O will vary depending on the specific carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen and oxygen. For example, if the amide group is attached to a two-carbon chain, the name would be N-ethylmethanamide.
It's important to note that the names can be more complex based on the overall molecular structure, substituents, and other functional groups present in the compound. Additionally, the specific name may also vary in different languages or systems of nomenclature.