For the reaction 2CH3OH + 3O2 → 2CO2+ 4H2O, what is the maximum amount of CO2 which could be formed from 13.97 g of CH3OH and 5.45 g of O2?
Answer in units of g.
Consider the reaction H3PO4 + 3NaOH → Na3PO4 + 3H2O. How much Na3PO4
can be prepared by the reaction of 3.43 g of H3PO4 with an excess of NaOH?
Answer in units of g
For the reaction ?Fe+?H2O → ?Fe3O4 +?H2, what is the maximum amount of Fe3O4(231.533 g/mol) which could be formed from 12.34 mol of Fe (55.845 g/mol) and 8.74 mol of H2O (18.0153g/mol)?
Answer in units of g.
To find the maximum amount of a product that can be formed in a chemical reaction, you need to determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed and limits the amount of product that can be formed.
To find the limiting reactant, you need to calculate the amount of moles of each reactant using their molar masses. Then, you can use the balanced equation to determine the mole ratio between the reactant and the product. The reactant that produces the least amount of product is the limiting reactant.
Let's go through the calculations for each question:
1. For the reaction 2CH3OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 4H2O:
a) Calculate the moles of CH3OH:
Molar mass of CH3OH = 12.01 g/mol (C) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 16.00 g/mol (O) + 1.01 g/mol (H) = 32.04 g/mol
moles of CH3OH = mass of CH3OH / molar mass of CH3OH
moles of CH3OH = 13.97 g / 32.04 g/mol
b) Calculate the moles of O2:
Molar mass of O2 = 16.00 g/mol (O) + 16.00 g/mol (O) = 32.00 g/mol
moles of O2 = mass of O2 / molar mass of O2
moles of O2 = 5.45 g / 32.00 g/mol
c) Calculate the mole ratio between CH3OH and CO2:
According to the balanced equation, the mole ratio between CH3OH and CO2 is 2:2, which means that 2 moles of CH3OH produce 2 moles of CO2.
d) Determine the limiting reactant:
To find the limiting reactant, compare the moles of each reactant using the mole ratio. The reactant that produces the least amount of product (CO2 in this case) is the limiting reactant.
moles of CO2 produced by CH3OH = (moles of CH3OH) x (2 moles of CO2 / 2 moles of CH3OH)
moles of CO2 produced by O2 = (moles of O2) x (2 moles of CO2 / 3 moles of O2)
The limiting reactant is the one that produces the least moles of CO2.
e) Calculate the maximum amount of CO2:
Once you know the limiting reactant, you can use its moles to calculate the moles of CO2 produced, and then convert it to grams using the molar mass of CO2.
2. Follow the same steps as in question 1 to solve the second question:
For the reaction H3PO4 + 3NaOH → Na3PO4 + 3H2O:
a) Calculate the moles of H3PO4 using its molar mass.
b) Calculate the moles of NaOH.
c) Determine the limiting reactant.
d) Calculate the maximum amount of Na3PO4.
3. Follow the same steps as in question 1 to solve the third question:
For the reaction Fe + H2O → Fe3O4 + H2:
a) Calculate the moles of Fe using its molar mass.
b) Calculate the moles of H2O.
c) Determine the limiting reactant.
d) Calculate the maximum amount of Fe3O4.