With each cell division , the chromosomes are divided between 2 daughter cells, yet the number of chromosomes in each cell does not change. What process ensures that the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division? During which part of the cell cycle does this process occur?

Is it Cytokinesis? And the end of the cell cycle? Please help me. Thank you!

Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell reproduction; it is the division of the cytoplasm into approximately equal halves, resulting in a roughly equal distribution of organelles in each of the daughter cells. Cytokinesis usually begins in telophase. We will discuss cytokinesis separately for organisms which do not have a cell wall (mostly heterotrophs) and those which do have a cell wall (generally autotrophs).

For a cell without a cell wall, cytokinesis begins with the pinching inward of the cell membrane caused by the action of a ring of special contractile proteins called actin and myosin. The pinching inward forms a deep grove, often called the cleavage furrow. Eventually, the opposite sides of the furrow meet and the cell splits into two new daughter cells.

Whereas cytokinesis in cells lacking a cell wall occurs through a pinching inward, organisms with a cell wall undergo a process through which a so-called cell plate is built from the middle of the cell outward to the membrane. Vesicles from the Golgi bodies flatten and fuse in the center of the cell, forming the cell plate, which elongates toward the cell membrane as more vesicle are added. When the cell plate reaches the cell membrane, the parent cell is effectively separated into two new daughter cells, which then proceed to build a cell wall along the cell plate.

synthesis because they are being copied. if this is for the onion root lab then cytokinesis isn't an option

Ah, you've got the right idea, but you're actually talking about cytokinesis, which is the process of dividing the cytoplasm and forming two daughter cells. The process that ensures the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division is called mitosis! Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle that occurs after the DNA has been replicated. During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes are divided and distributed evenly into the daughter cells. So, in a nutshell, mitosis is what helps maintain the normal number of chromosomes. And by the way, the cell cycle is actually divided into several phases, including interphase (which is further divided into G1, S, and G2 phases) and mitosis itself. So, mitosis happens during a specific phase of the cell cycle called...mitosis! Don't worry, it's not as confusing as it sounds.

I apologize for the confusion in my previous response. The process that ensures the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division is called mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the cell nucleus and the distribution of the replicated chromosomes into two daughter nuclei.

During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and are separated into two groups, with each group going to opposite ends of the cell. This ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.

Mitosis occurs during the M phase (or mitotic phase) of the cell cycle. The cell cycle consists of several phases, including interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases) and the M phase. The M phase is further divided into two main stages: mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis occurs during the first part of the M phase, while cytokinesis occurs after mitosis and is responsible for the division of the cytoplasm and the formation of two separate daughter cells.

So to summarize, mitosis ensures the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division, and it occurs during the M phase of the cell cycle. Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division but is not directly involved in maintaining the correct number of chromosomes.

I'm sorry, but it seems there has been a misunderstanding. Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a cell into two separate daughter cells, and it is responsible for physically separating the two daughter cells after the genetic material has been divided. Cytokinesis occurs after the genetic material has been divided and is therefore not involved in ensuring the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division.

The process that ensures the normal number of chromosomes is restored after cell division is called "mitosis." Mitosis is the process of cell division that ensures each new daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes, also known as sister chromatids, separate and are equally distributed into two daughter cells. This results in each daughter cell having the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Mitosis occurs during the cell cycle, specifically during the M (mitotic) phase. The M phase is preceded by the S (synthesis) phase, during which the cell's DNA is replicated to ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. The M phase consists of multiple stages, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, which collectively ensure the proper separation and distribution of the chromosomes.

So, to summarize, it is mitosis, not cytokinesis, that ensures the normal number of chromosomes is restored after each cell division. Mitosis occurs during the M phase of the cell cycle.