How to prepare 2L of 5.5M HCL solutions from scratch
describe the preparation of 2 liters of 0.4m hcl starting with concentrated hcl Solution
To prepare a 2L of 5.5M HCl (hydrochloric acid) solution from scratch, you will need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Safety Precautions
- Put on appropriate personal protective equipment, such as safety goggles and gloves, to protect yourself from potential harm while working with the acid.
Step 2: Calculation
- Calculate the amount of hydrochloric acid needed using the formula:
mass (in grams) = molarity × volume (in liters) × molecular weight
The molecular weight of HCl is 36.46 g/mol.
mass = 5.5M × 2L × 36.46 g/mol
Step 3: Obtaining the Hydrochloric Acid (Concentrated)
- Purchase concentrated hydrochloric acid (typically available at hardware stores or chemical supply vendors) that has a higher concentration than the desired 5.5M solution.
Step 4: Dilution
- Dilute the concentrated hydrochloric acid with distilled water to obtain the desired concentration. Since 2L of 5.5M HCl is required, the volume of concentrated acid needed will be less than 2L, as water will be added to reach the final volume.
- Take a clean container (preferably a glass beaker or a plastic chemical-resistant container) and add approximately 1.5-1.7 L of distilled water to it.
- Slowly and carefully add the calculated amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid to the water while stirring gently. Adding acid to water helps prevent splashing and ensures a uniform distribution.
- Continue to stir until the solution is well mixed.
- Once the solution is ready, check the final volume. If necessary, add more distilled water to adjust the volume to exactly 2L.
- Stir the solution again to ensure uniformity.
Step 5: Storage and Labeling
- Store the prepared HCl solution in a tightly sealed container made of glass or durable plastic, clearly labeled with "5.5M HCl" and appropriate hazard warnings.
Note: Working with hydrochloric acid and other chemicals can be dangerous. Always follow proper safety protocols and consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for specific handling and storage instructions.
To prepare a 2L solution of 5.5M HCl (hydrochloric acid) from scratch, you will need to know the concentration of the starting HCl solution you have.
Here are the step-by-step instructions to prepare the solution:
1. Determine the initial concentration: Let's assume you have a concentrated HCl solution with a known concentration, for example, 10M HCl.
2. Use the dilution equation: C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.
3. Calculate the volume of the concentrated HCl solution needed: Rearrange the dilution equation to solve for V1 (the initial volume):
V1 = (C2 * V2) / C1
Substitute C1 = 10M, C2 = 5.5M, and V2 = 2L into the equation:
V1 = (5.5M * 2L) / 10M
V1 = 1.1L
4. Measure 1.1L of the concentrated HCl solution: Using a graduated cylinder or a volumetric flask, carefully measure 1.1L of the 10M HCl solution.
5. Add distilled water to complete the volume: Transfer the 1.1L of the concentrated HCl solution to a clean 2L volumetric flask. Then, slowly add distilled water to the flask while stirring until the volume reaches the 2L mark. This will create a 5.5M HCl solution with a total volume of 2L.
6. Mix the solution: Thoroughly mix the solution to ensure homogeneity, either by swirling the flask gently or using a magnetic stirrer.
Please exercise caution when handling concentrated acids. Wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, and follow safety protocols.