Equilibrium is:
a dynamic condition in which the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products.
a static condition in which the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products.
a static condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.
a dynamic condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.
Look in your text/notes for the definition of equilibrium, then choose your answer. It is NOT A.
The correct answer is:
a dynamic condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let's break down the options and explain each one:
1. a dynamic condition in which the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products.
This option confuses equilibrium with stoichiometry. In equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products may not necessarily be equal, but the rates at which the reactants are being converted into products and vice versa are equal.
2. a static condition in which the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products.
Similar to option 1, this option describes a situation where the concentrations of the reactants and products are equal, which is not a requirement for equilibrium.
3. a static condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.
This option combines the correct idea of comparing rates but incorrectly refers to them as the formation rates. In equilibrium, the rates of both forward and reverse reactions are equal, not just the formation rates.
4. a dynamic condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.
This is the correct answer. Equilibrium is a dynamic condition because the forward and reverse reactions continue to occur, but their rates are equal. The rates of disappearance/reactants and formation/products are balanced, which means no net change in the concentrations of the reactants and products over time.
Therefore, the answer is a dynamic condition in which the rate of formation of the reactants is equal to the rate of formation of the products.