1.Calculate the amount(in mol) in 8.80 g of carbon dioxide,Co2
2.Calculate the number of chlorine atoms in a 6.0 mg sample of anti-cancer drug cisplatin, cis-diamminedichloroplatinium(II),Pt(NH3)2Cl2
1. mols = grams/molar mass = ?
2. Convert 6.0 mg to grams. Then mols cisplatin = grams/molar mass = ?
# molecules cisplatin = mols x 6.02E23 = ?
# Cl atoms will be twice that since there are two Cl atoms/molecule of cisplatin.
1. To calculate the amount of carbon dioxide in moles, you need to use the molar mass of carbon dioxide. The molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) is the sum of the molar masses of carbon (C) and oxygen (O), which are 12.01 g/mol and 16.00 g/mol, respectively.
The molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) = 12.01 g/mol (carbon) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) = 44.01 g/mol.
Given that the mass of carbon dioxide is 8.80 g, you can now calculate the amount in moles using the formula:
Amount (in moles) = Mass / Molar mass
Amount (in moles) = 8.80 g / 44.01 g/mol
Amount (in moles) ≈ 0.200 mol
So, the amount of carbon dioxide in 8.80 g of CO2 is approximately 0.200 mol.
2. To calculate the number of chlorine atoms in the anti-cancer drug cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2), we need to calculate the number of moles of cisplatin using its molar mass and then multiply by the Avogadro's number.
The molar mass of cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2) can be calculated as follows:
- The molar mass of platinum (Pt) = 195.08 g/mol
- The molar mass of nitrogen (N) = 14.01 g/mol
- The molar mass of hydrogen (H) = 1.01 g/mol
- The molar mass of chlorine (Cl) = 35.45 g/mol
Molar mass of cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2) = (195.08 g/mol (Pt) + 2 * 14.01 g/mol (N) + 6 * 1.01 g/mol (H) + 2 * 35.45 g/mol (Cl))
Molar mass of cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2) ≈ 300.05 g/mol
Given that the mass of the sample is 6.0 mg (or 0.006 g), we can now calculate the number of moles of cisplatin:
Amount (in moles) = Mass / Molar mass
Amount (in moles) = 0.006 g / 300.05 g/mol
Amount (in moles) ≈ 0.00002 mol
Since the chemical formula of cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2) has two chlorine atoms per molecule, the number of chlorine atoms in the given sample can be calculated as:
Number of chlorine atoms = Amount (in moles) * Avogadro's number * Number of chlorine atoms per molecule
Number of chlorine atoms = 0.00002 mol * 6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1 * 2
Number of chlorine atoms ≈ 2.41 × 10^19
So, there are approximately 2.41 × 10^19 chlorine atoms in a 6.0 mg sample of cisplatin.
To calculate the number of moles of a substance, you need to use its molar mass. The molar mass represents the mass of one mole of that substance.
1. Calculate the amount (in mol) in 8.80 g of carbon dioxide (CO2):
To get the molar mass of carbon dioxide, you need to find the atomic masses of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) from the periodic table.
- Carbon (C) has an atomic mass of approximately 12.01 g/mol.
- Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of approximately 16.00 g/mol.
Since carbon dioxide has one carbon atom (C) and two oxygen atoms (O), you need to sum the atomic masses:
Molar mass of CO2 = (1 * atomic mass of C) + (2 * atomic mass of O)
= (1 * 12.01 g/mol) + (2 * 16.00 g/mol)
= 12.01 g/mol + 32.00 g/mol
= 44.01 g/mol
Now you can use this molar mass to calculate the amount (in mol) of carbon dioxide:
Amount (in mol) = Mass (in g) / Molar mass
= 8.80 g / 44.01 g/mol
≈ 0.20 mol
Therefore, there are approximately 0.20 moles of carbon dioxide in 8.80 grams.
2. Calculate the number of chlorine atoms in a 6.0 mg sample of anti-cancer drug cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2):
To calculate the number of chlorine atoms, you first need to find the molar mass of cisplatin and then use Avogadro's number.
- Platinum (Pt) has an atomic mass of approximately 195.08 g/mol.
- Nitrogen (N) has an atomic mass of approximately 14.01 g/mol.
- Hydrogen (H) has an atomic mass of approximately 1.01 g/mol.
- Chlorine (Cl) has an atomic mass of approximately 35.45 g/mol.
Now sum the atomic masses to find the molar mass of cisplatin:
Molar mass of Pt(NH3)2Cl2 = (1 * atomic mass of Pt) + (2 * atomic mass of N) + (6 * atomic mass of H) + (2 * atomic mass of Cl)
= (1 * 195.08 g/mol) + (2 * 14.01 g/mol) + (6 * 1.01 g/mol) + (2 * 35.45 g/mol)
≈ 300.05 g/mol
Next, convert the given mass to grams before calculating the amount in moles:
Mass of cisplatin = 6.0 mg = 6.0 × 10^-3 g
Amount (in mol) = Mass (in g) / Molar mass
= 6.0 × 10^-3 g / 300.05 g/mol
≈ 2.0 × 10^-5 mol
Since each molecule of cisplatin contains two chlorine atoms, the number of chlorine atoms can be calculated using Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 × 10^23.
Number of chlorine atoms = Amount (in mol) * Avogadro's number
= 2.0 × 10^-5 mol * 6.022 × 10^23
≈ 1.20 × 10^19 chlorine atoms
Therefore, there are approximately 1.20 × 10^19 chlorine atoms in a 6.0 mg sample of cisplatin.