I am soo lost on this one, I don't even know where to begin! I have read the chapter and it's just not clicking!
If you start your reaction with 0.083 g of salicylic acid, what theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid would you predict?
If your experimental yield of acetylsalicylic acid is 0.094 g, what is the percent yield of your synthesis?
Write the equation. We can't draw structures on this forum but let's call salicylic acid SA, acetylsalicylic acid as ASA, and I know the reaction is 1:1. Therefore,
SA --> ASA
mols SA = grams SA/molar mass SA = ?
mols ASA = mols SA since it is 1:1
Then g ASA = mols ASA x molar mass ASA. This is the theoretical yield (TY).
The actual yield from the problem is 0.094 g (AY).
So % yield = (AY/TY)*100 = ?
I understand that you're feeling lost and unsure of where to start with these questions. Don't worry, I'm here to help you understand and figure out the answers step by step!
To answer these questions, we need to understand the concepts of theoretical yield and percent yield.
Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be obtained from a given reactant, assuming the reaction goes to completion and there are no side reactions or losses. It is calculated based on stoichiometry and the balanced equation for the reaction.
Percent yield, on the other hand, is a measure of the efficiency of a reaction and represents the actual yield of the product as a percentage of the theoretical yield. It is calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield and then multiplying by 100.
Now, let's tackle the first question:
To determine the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid, you need to know the balanced equation for the reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Let's say the equation is:
salicylic acid + acetic anhydride → acetylsalicylic acid + acetic acid
If you start with 0.083 g of salicylic acid, you need to convert this mass to moles using the molar mass of salicylic acid. Then, using the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, you can calculate the moles of acetylsalicylic acid that would be produced. Finally, multiply the moles of acetylsalicylic acid by its molar mass to get the theoretical yield in grams.
Now, let's move on to the second question:
To calculate the percent yield, you need to know the actual yield (0.094 g) and the theoretical yield (which you calculated in the previous question). Divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiply by 100 to get the percent yield.
Remember, theoretical yield assumes an ideal reaction, while percent yield takes into account any losses or inefficiencies that may occur in the actual reaction.