I don't understand what complication means in terms of plot structure. I mean..how does an event complicates a conflict?

Please give examples. It would be ideal if the example is related to Hamlet..

http://www.shmoop.com/hamlet/plot-analysis.html

In terms of plot structure, a complication refers to an event or situation that arises in a story and adds further complexity or difficulty to the central conflict. Essentially, complications introduce new challenges or obstacles that the characters must navigate in order to resolve the conflict.

Let's take the example of Hamlet, one of Shakespeare's most famous plays. The central conflict in Hamlet is the internal struggle of the protagonist, Prince Hamlet, as he grapples with the question of whether to avenge his father's murder by his uncle, Claudius. Complications in the plot occur when certain events or revelations create additional obstacles for Hamlet and his pursuit of justice.

Example Complication 1: The Ghost's Appearance
One key complication in Hamlet's conflict occurs when the ghost of his father appears and reveals the truth about his murder. Initially, Hamlet is uncertain whether the ghost is a trustworthy figure or if it may be a devil trying to deceive him. This complication adds a layer of doubt and uncertainty to Hamlet's decision-making process. He must now grapple with the moral and ethical implications of avenging his father's murder based on the unreliable testimony of a ghost.

Example Complication 2: Ophelia's Madness
Another complication arises when Hamlet's love interest, Ophelia, becomes distraught and begins to show signs of madness following the death of her father, Polonius, for which Hamlet is indirectly responsible. This event further complicates Hamlet's conflict as he now feels guilt and remorse for his actions, questioning the integrity of his own motives and the consequences they have on others. This emotional turmoil adds complexity to Hamlet's already troubled state of mind and influences his decision-making process.

These complications in the plot structure of Hamlet serve multiple purposes. Firstly, they heighten the dramatic tension and suspense, making the story more engaging for the audience. Secondly, they challenge the character of Hamlet, forcing him to confront obstacles that hinder his resolution of the primary conflict. Lastly, they contribute to the overall complexity of the play, exploring themes of morality, uncertainty, and the consequences of action.

By introducing these complications, Shakespeare creates a narrative that delves deeper into the human psyche and forces the audience to question the nature of revenge, moral choices, and the impact of one's decisions on others.