Assuming all gases are at the same temperature and pressure, how many milliliters of hydrogen iodide are produced from 160mL of H2?
H2(g)+I2(g)→2HI(g)
To determine the amount of hydrogen iodide (HI) produced from 160 mL of hydrogen gas (H2), we need to use the balanced chemical equation:
H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI(g)
Based on the stoichiometry of the equation, we can see that 1 mole of H2 reacts to produce 2 moles of HI. Therefore, we need to convert the volume of H2 (in mL) into moles, and then use the mole ratio to determine the moles of HI produced. Finally, we can convert the moles of HI back into volume in milliliters.
Step 1: Convert volume of H2 to moles:
To do this, we need to know the molar volume of H2. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters (or 22,400 mL). Therefore, we can use the following conversion:
1 mole H2 = 22,400 mL H2
Using this conversion, we can determine the moles of H2:
160 mL H2 × (1 mole H2 / 22,400 mL H2) = moles of H2
Step 2: Use mole ratio to determine moles of HI:
From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of H2 reacts to produce 2 moles of HI. Therefore, we can set up the following ratio:
1 mole H2 : 2 moles HI
Using the moles of H2 from Step 1, we can determine the moles of HI:
moles of H2 × (2 moles HI / 1 mole H2) = moles of HI
Step 3: Convert moles of HI to volume in mL:
Finally, we need to convert the moles of HI back into volume in milliliters. Again, using the molar volume of a gas at STP, we can set up the following conversion:
1 mole HI = 22,400 mL HI
Using this conversion, we can determine the volume of HI:
moles of HI × (22,400 mL HI / 1 mole HI) = volume of HI in mL
Following these steps will allow us to calculate the volume of hydrogen iodide produced from the given volume of hydrogen gas.
To determine the volume of hydrogen iodide (HI) gas produced, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. The equation shows that for every 1 mole of H2 gas consumed, 2 moles of HI gas are produced.
To solve this problem, we will follow these steps:
Step 1: Convert the given volume of hydrogen gas (H2) to moles.
Step 2: Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of hydrogen iodide (HI) produced.
Step 3: Convert the moles of hydrogen iodide (HI) to volume using the ideal gas law.
Step 4: Convert the volume from liters to milliliters.
Let's start with the calculations:
Step 1: Convert the given volume of hydrogen gas (H2) to moles.
To do this, we need to know the molar volume of any gas at STP (standard temperature and pressure). At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters.
Given:
Volume of H2 = 160 mL
We need to convert the volume into liters:
160 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.16 L
Now, we can convert the volume to moles using the molar volume:
0.16 L * (1 mol / 22.4 L) = 0.00714 mol of H2 (rounded to 4 decimal places)
Step 2: Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of hydrogen iodide (HI) produced.
From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of H2 produces 2 moles of HI.
0.00714 mol H2 * (2 mol HI / 1 mol H2) = 0.0143 mol HI
Step 3: Convert the moles of hydrogen iodide (HI) to volume using the ideal gas law.
The ideal gas law equation is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
At the given conditions (same temperature and pressure), we can assume the values of R, P, and T are constant.
We need to rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for volume (V):
V = nRT / P
Assuming the pressure is constant and cancelling out R and P, we get:
V = n
Therefore, the volume of HI gas produced (in moles) is the same as the volume of HI gas in liters.
The volume of HI gas in liters is 0.0143 L.
Step 4: Convert the volume from liters to milliliters.
To convert liters to milliliters, we can multiply the volume by 1000:
0.0143 L * 1000 mL/L = 14.3 mL
Therefore, 14.3 milliliters of hydrogen iodide (HI) gas are produced from the given 160 milliliters of hydrogen gas (H2).