Question

A mixture of alcohol and water has the density 750 kg m 3.calculate the ratio in the mixture of alcohol to water by i.mass ii.volume

To calculate the ratio of alcohol to water in the mixture by mass and by volume, we need to use the concepts of density and the law of conservation of mass.

i. Ratio of alcohol to water by mass:
Let's assume that the mass of alcohol in the mixture is represented by mA and the mass of water is represented by mW. The total mass of the mixture is the sum of the masses of alcohol and water.

1. Calculate the mass of alcohol:
Let's represent the density of alcohol as ρA and the density of water as ρW. The density is defined as the mass per unit volume.
So, the mass of alcohol (mA) can be calculated using the following formula:

mA = ρA * VA

Here, VA is the volume of alcohol in the mixture.

2. Calculate the mass of water:
Similarly, the mass of water (mW) can be calculated using the formula:

mW = ρW * VW

Here, VW is the volume of water in the mixture.

3. Calculate the total mass of the mixture:
The total mass (mTotal) of the mixture is given as 750 kg/m^3. We can then use the formula:

mTotal = mA + mW

4. Calculate the ratio of alcohol to water by mass:
The ratio of alcohol to water by mass (RAW) can be calculated using the following formula:

RAW = mA / mW

ii. Ratio of alcohol to water by volume:
To calculate the ratio of alcohol to water by volume, we need to know the densities of alcohol and water, in addition to the densities of pure alcohol and pure water.

1. Find the densities of pure alcohol (ρAP) and pure water (ρWP):
These values can be obtained from reference materials or online resources.

2. Calculate the volume of alcohol and water:
The volume of alcohol (VA) and the volume of water (VW) can be calculated using the following formulas:

VA = mA / ρAP

VW = mW / ρWP

3. Calculate the ratio of alcohol to water by volume:
The ratio of alcohol to water by volume (RAV) can be calculated using the following formula:

RAV = VA / VW

By following these steps, you can calculate the ratio of alcohol to water in the mixture both by mass (using the density) and by volume.