how could solid magnesium phosphate be prepared and collected using hydrochloric acid, sodium phosphate solution, water and magnesium? For the answer, write a series of steps that describe the procedure and includes a balanced chemical equation for each step
This could easily be a page of writing. You fill in the spaces.
Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2(g)
3MgCl2 + 2Na3PO4 ==> Mg3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
3MgCl2 + 2Na3PO4 ==> Mg3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
To prepare and collect solid magnesium phosphate using hydrochloric acid, sodium phosphate solution, water, and magnesium, you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Preparation of Sodium Phosphate Solution
- Take a beaker and add a measured amount of water (preferably distilled) into it.
- Slowly add sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) to the water while stirring continuously until it dissolves completely.
- Make sure the sodium phosphate is completely dissolved to obtain a clear solution.
- The balanced chemical equation for this step: Na3PO4 + H2O → 3Na+ + PO4^3- + H2O
Step 2: Preparation of Magnesium Chloride Solution
- In a separate beaker, add a measured amount of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- Slowly add magnesium (Mg) strips or turnings to the hydrochloric acid while stirring gently.
- Wait for the magnesium to react with the acid until the effervescence (bubbling) stops.
- The balanced chemical equation for this step: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Step 3: Mixing Sodium Phosphate Solution with Magnesium Chloride Solution
- Pour the prepared sodium phosphate solution into the beaker containing the magnesium chloride solution.
- Stir the mixture gently to ensure thorough mixing.
- Allow the reaction to proceed for a few minutes until the formation of the precipitate.
- The balanced chemical equation for this step: 3Na+ + PO4^3- + MgCl2 → Mg3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
Step 4: Collection of Solid Magnesium Phosphate
- Prepare a filter paper and a funnel setup for filtration.
- Pour the mixture obtained in Step 3 into the filter paper to separate the solid precipitate.
- Rinse the filter cake with distilled water to remove any remaining impurities.
- Allow the solid magnesium phosphate to dry in a desiccator or a drying oven.
- Weigh the dried solid magnesium phosphate to determine its mass or collect it for further experiments.
Note: Proper safety precautions should be followed while handling chemicals. Wear appropriate lab attire, gloves, safety glasses, and work in a well-ventilated area. Disposal of chemicals should also comply with local regulations.
To prepare and collect solid magnesium phosphate using hydrochloric acid, sodium phosphate solution, water, and magnesium, you can follow the following steps:
Step 1: Prepare the magnesium strip
- Take a strip of magnesium metal (Mg) and clean it by gently rubbing it with sandpaper to remove any oxide layer.
- Rinse the magnesium strip with distilled water to ensure it is clean and free from impurities.
- Dry the magnesium strip using a paper towel or a clean cloth.
Step 2: Prepare the hydrochloric acid solution
- Take a beaker and add a known volume, let's say 100 mL, of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution.
- Dilute the hydrochloric acid solution with an equal volume of water (100 mL).
- Stir the solution to ensure proper mixing.
Step 3: Reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid
- Carefully place the clean magnesium strip into the beaker containing the hydrochloric acid solution.
- Observe the reaction that takes place between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
- The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2.
Step 4: Formation of magnesium chloride
- As the magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is produced.
- The hydrogen gas (H2) generated during the reaction will be released into the atmosphere.
Step 5: Preparation of sodium phosphate solution
- While the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is ongoing, prepare a sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) solution.
- Take another beaker and add a known volume, for example, 100 mL, of sodium phosphate solution.
Step 6: Reaction between magnesium chloride and sodium phosphate
- After the magnesium has completely dissolved in hydrochloric acid, slowly pour the sodium phosphate solution into the beaker containing the magnesium chloride solution.
- Observe the reaction that occurs between magnesium chloride and sodium phosphate.
- The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: 3MgCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Mg3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl.
Step 7: Formation of solid magnesium phosphate
- As the sodium phosphate reacts with magnesium chloride, solid magnesium phosphate (Mg3(PO4)2) precipitates out as a white, crystalline solid.
- Allow the solution to settle for some time to allow the solid to fully precipitate.
Step 8: Collection of solid magnesium phosphate
- Once the precipitate has settled, carefully decant the liquid (supernatant) without disturbing the solid at the bottom.
- Use a filter funnel and filter paper to collect the solid magnesium phosphate.
- Wash the collected solid with distilled water to remove any impurities.
- Allow the solid to air dry or gently dry it in an oven at a low temperature.
By following these steps and the corresponding balanced chemical equations, you can prepare and collect solid magnesium phosphate using hydrochloric acid, sodium phosphate solution, water, and magnesium.