1. Describe 2 methods of viral infection
2. How can a virus be helpful to its host?
I don't want sites because they don't help, please help me and explain . All my other questions r done but I'm stuck on these 2.
I hope this is more helpful.
" viruses, (are) spread by things such as:
Coughing and sneezing.
Contact with infected people, especially through kissing and sex.
Contact with contaminated surfaces, food, and water.
Contact with infected creatures, including pets, livestock, and insects such as fleas and ticks."
http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/bacterial-and-viral-infections
You need to search through the sources.
1. Here one of the sites you said didn't help. Look through it carefully.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/viral_infections/overview_of_viral_infections.html
2. Look through these sources closely.
https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=helpful+viruses+to+humans&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&gws_rd=ssl
Oh ok I understand now:) thank u:)
1. Methods of Viral Infection:
There are two general methods by which viruses can infect their host: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle.
a) Lytic Cycle: In the lytic cycle, a virus enters a host cell and takes control of its cellular machinery. The viral genetic material is then replicated, and new viral particles are assembled inside the host cell. Finally, the host cell bursts open, or lyses, releasing the newly formed viruses to infect other cells. This cycle usually leads to the death of the host cell.
b) Lysogenic Cycle: In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genetic material integrates into the host cell's DNA but does not immediately cause cell death or produce new viruses. It remains dormant and replicates along with the host cell's DNA during cell division. Over time, external factors or changes in the host cell's environment can trigger the transition to the lytic cycle, where viral replication occurs.
2. Beneficial Role of Viruses to Their Host:
While viruses are often associated with causing diseases, some viruses can actually play a beneficial role in their host's life. Here are a few examples:
a) Genetic Diversity: Viruses can transfer genetic material between different organisms, driving genetic diversity. This can be particularly important for evolution and adaptation. For example, endogenous retroviruses (viruses that have integrated their genetic material into the host's genome over time) account for a significant portion of mammalian genomes and have played a role in the development of the placenta.
b) Immunological Training: Exposure to certain viruses can help train the immune system to recognize and fight off future infections. This is evident in the development of immunity after recovering from an infection or through the use of vaccines, where weakened or inactivated viruses are introduced. Vaccines stimulate an immune response and prepare the immune system to respond efficiently if exposed to the actual pathogen, thereby preventing severe illness.
It's important to note that the beneficial aspects of viruses to their hosts are context-dependent and not all viruses have positive effects. Viruses can have negative impacts on health and cause diseases, so it is crucial to understand and study viruses to mitigate their harmful effects.