1. Everybody knows this book.
2. This book is known to everybody.
3. This book is known by everybody.
(Which one is the passive voice of Sentence 1?)
4. Everybody knows Sam.
5. Sam is known to everybody.
6. Sam is known by everybody.
(Which one is the passive voice of Sentence 1?)
#3 is the passive of #1.
#6 is the passive of #4.
(#2 and #5 are not incorrect!)
To determine the passive voice in each sentence, we need to identify the subject and the object of the verb. In a passive voice construction, the subject receives the action of the verb, while in an active voice construction, the subject performs the action.
Let's analyze each sentence:
1. Sentence 1: "Everybody knows this book."
Active voice: The subject "everybody" performs the action "knows" on the object "this book."
Passive voice: To form the passive voice, we need to make the object the subject and use the verb "is" plus the past participle of the main verb. Therefore, the passive voice of Sentence 1 would be "This book is known to everybody."
2. Sentence 2: "This book is known to everybody."
This sentence is already in the passive voice. The subject "this book" receives the action "known" by an unidentified agent.
3. Sentence 3: "This book is known by everybody."
Similar to Sentence 2, this sentence is also in the passive voice. The subject "this book" receives the action "known" by the agent "everybody."
4. Sentence 4: "Everybody knows Sam."
Active voice: The subject "everybody" performs the action "knows" on the object "Sam."
Passive voice: Following the same principles as Sentence 1, the passive voice of Sentence 4 would be "Sam is known by everybody."
5. Sentence 5: "Sam is known to everybody."
This sentence is already in the passive voice. The subject "Sam" receives the action "known" by an unidentified agent.
6. Sentence 6: "Sam is known by everybody."
Similar to Sentence 5, this sentence is also in the passive voice. The subject "Sam" receives the action "known" by the agent "everybody."
To summarize:
- The passive voice of Sentence 1 is "This book is known to everybody."
- The passive voice of Sentence 4 is "Sam is known by everybody."