Which of the following claims does Michael Pollan advance?

a.
Eating animal meat is never ethical.
b.
Eating animal meat is sometimes
ethical.
c.
Animal liberation is a fringe idea.
d.
Animals do not possess a "characteristic form of life."

You've posted a lot of ethics questions -- and very few have been answered. It looks as though no one here knows these answers. I haven't read any of these authors -- at least not for a very long time.

To determine which claim Michael Pollan advances, you can refer to his writings, interviews, or public statements. Michael Pollan is an American author and journalist known for his books and articles on food, agriculture, and the environment. One way to find the answer is by researching his works or listening to his interviews.

Here is the process you can follow to get the answer:

1. Research Michael Pollan's books: Start by looking into Michael Pollan's books, such as "The Omnivore's Dilemma," "In Defense of Food," and "Cooked." Read summaries or reviews of these books to see if any of the claims mentioned in the options are discussed or supported.

2. Look for interviews and articles: Search for interviews or articles where Michael Pollan talks about ethics, animal liberation, or animals' characteristic form of life. Focus on reliable sources like reputable news outlets or well-known publications for accurate information.

3. Consider his stance on animal agriculture and ethical eating: Michael Pollan often promotes the idea of being mindful about food choices and understanding the ethical implications of our dietary decisions. Examine his perspectives on eating animal meat and animal ethics to see if any align with the claims listed in the options.

By following these steps, you should be able to find an answer for which claim Michael Pollan advances.