Which of the following philosophers argued that a moral agent must be detached and impartial in making moral decisions?
a.
John Stuart Mill.
b.
Aristotle.
c.
Immanuel Kant.
d.
Charles Darwin.
The philosopher who argued that a moral agent must be detached and impartial in making moral decisions is Immanuel Kant. To arrive at this answer, you can examine the beliefs and ideas of each philosopher listed.
a. John Stuart Mill: Mill was a utilitarian philosopher who believed in maximizing happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people. His ethical framework focuses on the consequences of actions rather than impartiality.
b. Aristotle: Aristotle believed in virtue ethics, which emphasizes the development of good character traits. While he recognized the importance of reason and rationality in decision-making, he did not emphasize detachment and impartiality as Kant did.
c. Immanuel Kant: Kant's moral philosophy, known as deontological ethics, emphasizes rationality, duty, and moral obligations. He argues that moral decisions should be made based on universal principles, regardless of personal desires or interests. Detachment and impartiality are crucial aspects of Kant's moral framework.
d. Charles Darwin: Darwin was a biologist who focused on the theory of evolution. Although his work has profound implications for various fields of study, including ethics, he did not specifically address the concept of detachment and impartiality in moral decision-making.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. Immanuel Kant.