hich of the following philosophers argued that a moral agent must be detached and impartial in making moral decisions?
a.
John Stuart Mill.
b.
Aristotle.
c.
Immanuel Kant.
d.
Charles Darwin.
The philosopher who argued that a moral agent must be detached and impartial in making moral decisions is Immanuel Kant.
To arrive at this answer, let's break down the question and examine each option.
a. John Stuart Mill: John Stuart Mill was a utilitarian philosopher who believed that actions should be judged based on their consequences. He did not argue for detachment and impartiality in moral decision-making.
b. Aristotle: Aristotle's ethical theory emphasized the development of virtues and the pursuit of human flourishing. While he did value balance and moderation, he did not advocate for detachment and impartiality as essential factors in making moral decisions.
c. Immanuel Kant: Kant's ethical theory, known as deontology, emphasizes moral duties and universal moral principles. According to Kant, moral agents should act out of a sense of duty and follow moral laws derived through reason. Detachment and impartiality are central to Kant's moral philosophy.
d. Charles Darwin: Charles Darwin was a naturalist known primarily for his theory of evolution. While his work had a significant impact on the understanding of biology and the natural world, Darwin did not focus on moral philosophy or the idea of detachment and impartiality.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. Immanuel Kant.