When 3.00 moles of sodium are reacted with large amounts of chlorine gas 145.8 g of sodium chloride are produced determine percentage yield
2Na + Cl2 ==> 2NaCl
Convert mols Na t mols NaCl. That's
3.0 mols Na x (2 mols NaCl/2 mols Na) = 3 mols NaCl
g NaCl = mols NaCl x molar mass NaCl = about 175g (estimated). That is the theoretical yield(TY). The actual yield (AY) is 145.8. Note that the TY above is estimated so you need to go through the math and obtain an accurate answer.
%yield = (AY/TY)*100 = ?
To determine the percentage yield, you need two pieces of information: the actual yield and the theoretical yield.
Theoretical yield is the amount of product that would be obtained if the reaction proceeded perfectly, assuming 100% conversion of the limiting reactant. In this case, the limiting reactant is sodium because it is only present in a certain amount (3.00 moles), while chlorine gas is in excess. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of sodium react to produce 2 moles of sodium chloride. Therefore, the theoretical yield of sodium chloride is equal to the amount of sodium used (3.00 moles).
To calculate the theoretical yield in grams, we need to know the molar mass of sodium chloride, which is approximately 58.44 g/mol.
Theoretical Yield (in grams) = Theoretical Yield (in moles) * Molar Mass of Sodium Chloride
Theoretical Yield = 3.00 moles * 58.44 g/mol
Next, we need to determine the actual yield, which is the amount of product obtained in the experiment. In the question, it is stated that 145.8 grams of sodium chloride are produced.
Now, we can use the formula for percentage yield:
Percentage Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) * 100
Substituting the values:
Percentage Yield = (145.8 g / (3.00 moles * 58.44 g/mol)) * 100
Now, we can calculate the percentage yield by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield (moles cancel out since we're dividing grams by grams), and then multiply by 100 to express the answer as a percentage.
Percentage Yield = (145.8 g / (3.00 mol * 58.44 g/mol)) * 100
Percentage Yield = (145.8 g / 175.32 g) * 100
Percentage Yield = 0.8307 * 100
Percentage Yield = 83.07%
Therefore, the percentage yield of sodium chloride in this reaction is 83.07%.