Describe how the structure of polyethylene impacts its function in terms of chemical bonding and intermolecular forces
There is some information here but you must assimilate your knowledge of chemistry to be useful.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene
Polyethylene is a commonly used plastic that has a wide range of applications due to its unique properties. The structure of polyethylene is made up of long chains of repeating ethylene units, which consist of two carbon atoms bonded together and four hydrogen atoms. This linear structure affects its function in terms of chemical bonding and intermolecular forces.
In polyethylene, the carbon atoms in each ethylene unit are connected by a double bond. This double bond can undergo a process called polymerization, where the double bond is broken and new single bonds are formed. As a result, the ethylene units join together to form long chains, creating a linear polymer structure.
The chemical bonding in polyethylene is primarily covalent. The carbon-carbon single bonds within the polymer chains are strong and stable, providing the plastic with its durability. The carbon-hydrogen bonds in polyethylene are also covalent, enhancing the overall stability of the material.
In terms of intermolecular forces, polyethylene exhibits relatively weak van der Waals forces. These forces arise from temporary fluctuations in electron density, causing slight positive and negative charges. The weak van der Waals forces between polyethylene chains are known as London dispersion forces. These forces are responsible for the cohesion and strength between the chains.
The linear structure of polyethylene allows for strong intermolecular interactions because the long polymer chains can align closely with one another. This arrangement maximizes the surface area available for van der Waals forces to act, increasing the overall strength of the material.
The impact of the structure on the function of polyethylene is significant. The covalent bonding within the polymer chains provide structural stability and strength, allowing it to be used in various applications, such as packaging, pipes, and electrical insulation. The weak van der Waals forces between the chains provide flexibility and resilience to the material, enabling it to be easily molded and shaped into different forms.
Overall, the structure of polyethylene, with its linear polymer chains and covalent bonding, contributes to its functional properties by providing strength, durability, flexibility, and ease of processing.