A solution of calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, reacts with a solution of ammonium fluoride, NH4F, to form solid calcium fluoride, CaF2, and ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3(aq). When 45.00 mL of 4.8724 x 10-1 M Ca(NO3)2 solution was added to 60.00 mL of 9.9981 x 10-1 M NH4F solution, 1.524 g of CaF2 was isolated.
Calculate the theoretical yield, in grams, of CaF2
See your post below.
BTW, you would get faster responses if you didn't change screen names. Joe, Steve, Chris, ?
To calculate the theoretical yield of CaF2, we need to determine the limiting reactant in the reaction. The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
1. Determine the moles of Ca(NO3)2:
First, calculate the number of moles of Ca(NO3)2 in the given volume of the solution. We can use the molarity (M) and volume (V) to calculate the moles of the solute.
Moles of Ca(NO3)2 = Molarity x Volume
Moles of Ca(NO3)2 = 4.8724 x 10^-1 M x 45.00 mL
Convert mL to L by dividing by 1000:
Moles of Ca(NO3)2 = 4.8724 x 10^-1 M x (45.00 mL/1000 mL)
Moles of Ca(NO3)2 = 2.19258 x 10^-2 moles
2. Determine the moles of NH4F:
Similarly, calculate the moles of NH4F in the given volume of the solution.
Moles of NH4F = Molarity x Volume
Moles of NH4F = 9.9981 x 10^-1 M x 60.00 mL
Convert mL to L by dividing by 1000:
Moles of NH4F = 9.9981 x 10^-1 M x (60.00 mL/1000 mL)
Moles of NH4F = 6.99886 x 10^-2 moles
3. Determine the stoichiometric ratio:
From the balanced chemical equation:
Ca(NO3)2 + 2NH4F → CaF2 + 2NH4NO3
We can see that the ratio of Ca(NO3)2 to CaF2 is 1:1. Therefore, the moles of Ca(NO3)2 and the moles of CaF2 are the same.
4. Determine the moles of CaF2:
The moles of Ca(NO3)2 equal the moles of CaF2 formed.
Moles of CaF2 = 2.19258 x 10^-2 moles
5. Calculate the molar mass of CaF2:
The molar mass of CaF2 can be obtained using the periodic table.
Molar mass of CaF2 = (40.08 g/mole) + 2(19.00 g/mole)
Molar mass of CaF2 = 78.08 g/mole
6. Calculate the theoretical yield:
The theoretical yield is the product of the moles of CaF2 and the molar mass of CaF2.
Theoretical Yield = Moles of CaF2 x Molar mass of CaF2
Theoretical Yield = 2.19258 x 10^-2 moles x 78.08 g/mole
Theoretical Yield = 1.70975 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of CaF2 is 1.70975 grams.