when the energy of a sound wave is transferred to a particle of a medium and causes it to vibrate and generate heat, the sound wave is
a. reflected
b. refracted
c. absorbed
d. transmitted
The pitch of the siren of a moving fire truck changes from high to low as the fire truck passes by. What property of a sound wave changes as the fire truck goes by?
a. amplitude
b. density
c. temperature
d. frequency
Sonar is used to inspect pipelines and bridge foundations. In this scenario, sonar takes the advantage of the fact that.
a. sound waves can reflect
b. sound waves can diffract
c. sound waves can spread out
d. sound waves can refract
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For the first question, when the energy of a sound wave is transferred to a particle of a medium and causes it to vibrate and generate heat, the sound wave is absorbed (option c).
To understand this, we need to know the process of energy transfer in sound waves. When a sound wave travels through a medium, it causes the particles of that medium to vibrate. The energy of the sound wave is transferred to these particles, making them move. In this specific case, the energy transferred to the particle also generates heat. This means that the sound wave is absorbed by the particle, converting its energy into heat energy.
For the second question, the property of a sound wave that changes as the fire truck goes by is its frequency (option d).
To explain this, we need to understand the concept of Doppler effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a sound wave when there is relative motion between the source of the sound and the observer. In this case, as the fire truck approaches the observer, the sound waves are compressed, leading to an increase in frequency and thus a higher pitch. As the fire truck moves away, the sound waves are stretched, resulting in a decrease in frequency and a lower pitch.
For the third question, sonar takes advantage of the fact that sound waves can reflect (option a).
Sonar stands for "Sound Navigation And Ranging," and it uses sound waves to detect objects underwater or underground. Sonar sends out sound waves that travel through the medium (water or ground). When these sound waves encounter an object or a boundary, they reflect back to the source. By measuring the time it takes for the sound waves to travel and return, sonar can determine the distance and location of the object or boundary. Thus, it relies on the fact that sound waves can reflect.