Which of the following best summarizes the function of the respiratory system?
A. to transport oxygen to cells and wastes away from cells.
B. to protect the organs in the chest cavity
C. to move oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide from the body into the air
D. to provide a barrier between the body and the environment
C**
Which of the following is not true about the structure of an alveolus?
A. it has thick walls to trap gases that enter during breathing.
B. it has high surface area to allow lots of gas exchange.
C. it has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide.
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alveolus has high surface area to allow lots of gas exchange
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Pneumonia is a disease that causes fluid to build up in the alveoli of the lungs. Which of the following would you expect to be impaired in patients with pneumonia?
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To determine the correct answer, we need to analyze each option and eliminate the ones that are not true about the structure of an alveolus.
A. "it has thick walls to trap gases that enter during breathing": This statement is incorrect because alveoli have thin walls. They are composed of a single layer of cells, which allows for efficient gas exchange.
B. "it has high surface area to allow lots of gas exchange": This statement is correct. Alveoli have a high surface area due to their small size and large number, which allows for a large amount of gas exchange to occur.
C. "it has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide": This statement is incorrect. Alveoli have a high concentration of carbon dioxide and a low concentration of oxygen. During gas exchange in the lungs, oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide produced by the body's cells is released from the bloodstream into the alveoli to be exhaled.
Therefore, option A, which states that alveoli have thick walls to trap gases, is not true about the structure of an alveolus.