1. Sugar can be dissolved in water because of the presence of bonds between _______ in its molecule.
2. If the maximum amount of a compound that can dissolve in 100 mL of water is 22 g, then a solution of 20 g of that substance in 100 mL of water is said to be _______.
3. A solution of 25 g of the substance described in question 2 in 100 mL of water would be called ________.
4. In most cases, one way to increase the solubility of a solid substance in water is to increase the _______ of the solution.
5. A more precise way for describing the concentration of a solution than to describe it as concentrated or dilute is to state its ___________.
6. To make 5 L of 1M aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3), you would have to dissolve ________ of the solute in 5.0 L of solution.
7. 400 mL of a 0.1M barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) solution consists of _______ of solute dissolved in 400 mL of solution.
1. Sugar can be dissolved in water because of the presence of bonds between individual atoms within its molecular structure. Specifically, sugar molecules contain covalent bonds between carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. These bonds allow sugar to interact with water molecules through intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding.
To find the answer to this question, you would need to have knowledge of the molecular structure of sugar and its interaction with water molecules. This can be obtained through studying chemistry textbooks or online resources that provide information on the properties of sugar and its solubility in water.
2. If the maximum amount of a compound that can dissolve in 100 mL of water is 22 g, then a solution of 20 g of that substance in 100 mL of water is said to be saturated.
The term "saturated" refers to a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature. In this case, the maximum solubility of the compound is 22 g in 100 mL of water. Since the solution contains only 20 g of the compound, it is not saturated and can still dissolve more solute.
To determine the answer, you would need to measure the amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent and compare it to the maximum solubility for that compound at that particular temperature.
3. A solution of 25 g of the substance described in question 2 in 100 mL of water would be called supersaturated.
A supersaturated solution is one that contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature. In this case, the maximum solubility of the compound is 22 g in 100 mL of water, but the solution contains 25 g of the compound. This means that the solution is supersaturated and contains an excess amount of solute dissolved in the solvent.
To determine the answer, you would need to measure the amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent and compare it to the maximum solubility for that compound at that particular temperature.
4. In most cases, one way to increase the solubility of a solid substance in water is to increase the temperature of the solution.
Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature. Increasing the temperature of a solution can often increase the solubility of a solid substance in water. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy to break the intermolecular forces that hold the solute particles together and allow them to mix more freely with the solvent.
To find the answer to this question, you would need to have knowledge of solubility trends and the effect of temperature on solubility. This information can be found in chemistry textbooks or online resources that discuss the factors affecting solubility.
5. A more precise way for describing the concentration of a solution than to describe it as concentrated or dilute is to state its molarity.
The molarity of a solution is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a given volume of solvent. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (mol/L). By stating the molarity, one can precisely describe the amount of solute dissolved in a specific volume of solvent.
To determine the molarity of a solution, you would need to know the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters.
6. To make 5 L of 1M aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3), you would have to dissolve 4.83 kg of the solute in 5.0 L of solution.
The molarity (M) of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To calculate the mass of the solute needed for a given molarity and volume of solution, you can use the formula:
Mass of solute (g) = Molarity (mol/L) × Volume of solution (L) × molar mass of solute (g/mol)
In this case, the molarity is 1M and the volume of solution is 5.0 L. The molar mass of aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3) is approximately 213 g/mol. Plugging these values into the formula, you can calculate the mass of the solute needed.
Mass of solute (g) = 1 mol/L × 5.0 L × 213 g/mol = 4.83 kg
Therefore, to make 5 L of a 1M aluminum nitrate solution, you would need to dissolve 4.83 kg of the solute.
7. 400 mL of a 0.1M barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) solution consists of 0.04 moles of solute dissolved in 400 mL of solution.
Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To calculate the number of moles of solute in a given volume of solution, you can use the formula:
Number of moles of solute = Molarity (mol/L) × Volume of solution (L)
In this case, the molarity is 0.1M and the volume of solution is 400 mL, which is equivalent to 0.4 L. Plugging these values into the formula, you can calculate the number of moles of solute.
Number of moles of solute = 0.1 mol/L × 0.4 L = 0.04 moles
Therefore, 400 mL of a 0.1M barium nitrate solution consists of 0.04 moles of solute dissolved in the 400 mL of solution.
I hesitate to answer all of these for you for that way you aren't learning how to do them yourself. I will get you started. For the others show what work you've done, how you think the problem should be solved. and/or exactly what you don't understand about the process. Frankly I think this is in your text/notes and you have only to look them up..
1. Sugar can be dissolved in water because of the presence of bonds between _______ in its molecule.
atoms.
2. If the maximum amount of a compound that can dissolve in 100 mL of water is 22 g, then a solution of 20 g of that substance in 100 mL of water is said to be _______.
unsaturated.
3. A solution of 25 g of the substance described in question 2 in 100 mL of water would be called ________.
saturated.
4. In most cases, one way to increase the solubility of a solid substance in water is to increase the _______ of the solution.
temperature.