Give the half equations at the anode and cathode for a dilute hydrochloric acid,dilute copper chloride solution and the concentrated magnesium solution.
Are you ok Christina Hamm??
1. Half equations at the anode and cathode for dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl):
Anode:
2Cl- (aq) -> Cl2 (g) + 2e-
Cathode:
2H+ (aq) + 2e- -> H2 (g)
2. Half equations at the anode and cathode for dilute copper chloride solution (CuCl2):
Anode:
2Cl- (aq) -> Cl2 (g) + 2e-
Cathode:
Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- -> Cu (s)
3. Half equations at the anode and cathode for concentrated magnesium solution (Mg):
Anode:
2Cl- (aq) -> Cl2 (g) + 2e-
Cathode:
Mg2+ (aq) + 2e- -> Mg (s)
To determine the half equations at the anode and cathode for the given electrolytes (dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute copper chloride solution, and concentrated magnesium solution), we need to understand the redox reactions that occur during electrolysis.
1. Dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl):
The half equation at the anode:
At the anode, Cl- ions will be oxidized to chlorine gas (Cl2):
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-
The half equation at the cathode:
At the cathode, hydrogen ions (H+) from the dissociation of water will be reduced to hydrogen gas (H2):
2H+ + 2e- → H2
2. Dilute copper chloride solution (CuCl2):
The half equation at the anode:
At the anode, Cl- ions will be oxidized to chlorine gas (Cl2):
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-
The half equation at the cathode:
At the cathode, copper ions (Cu2+) will be reduced to solid copper (Cu) deposits:
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
3. Concentrated magnesium solution (MgSO4):
The half equation at the anode:
At the anode, water molecules will be oxidized to oxygen gas (O2):
2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e-
The half equation at the cathode:
At the cathode, magnesium ions (Mg2+) will be reduced to solid magnesium (Mg) deposits:
Mg2+ + 2e- → Mg
It's important to note that during electrolysis, the anode is the positive electrode, and the cathode is the negative electrode. The oxidation reactions occur at the anode, while the reduction reactions occur at the cathode. The specific half equations depend on the electrolyte being used.