Some of the substance commonly used in stomach antiacid are MGO,MG(OH)2,AL(OH)3.
Which of these substance will neutralize thr greatest amount of 0.10M HCl per gram?
The question isn't exactly clear; it isn't clear that it is the greatest amount of acid per grams antacid or per mol antacid.
H^+ + OH^- ==> H2O
So the one with the largest OH per mol will neutralize the most acid. That is Al(OH)3. And you don't capitalize everything. It's MgO, Mg(OH)2, and Al(OH)3.
To determine which substance will neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10 M HCl per gram, we need to calculate the number of moles of HCl that each substance can neutralize per gram. The substance that can neutralize the most moles of HCl per gram will be the one that neutralizes the greatest amount of HCl.
1. MGO (Magnesium oxide): The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and MGO is:
MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of MGO reacts with 2 moles of HCl. So, to calculate the number of moles of HCl that 1 gram of MGO can neutralize, we divide 0.10 moles (from the 0.10 M concentration) by the molar mass of MGO (40.31 g/mol):
mole ratio: 1 mole MGO : 2 moles HCl
0.10 moles HCl / (40.31 g/mol) = 0.00248 moles HCl per gram MGO
2. MG(OH)2 (Magnesium hydroxide): The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and MG(OH)2 is:
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of MG(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HCl. So, to calculate the number of moles of HCl that 1 gram of MG(OH)2 can neutralize, we divide 0.10 moles (from the 0.10 M concentration) by the molar mass of MG(OH)2 (58.32 g/mol):
mole ratio: 1 mole MG(OH)2 : 2 moles HCl
0.10 moles HCl / (58.32 g/mol) = 0.00171 moles HCl per gram MG(OH)2
3. AL(OH)3 (Aluminum hydroxide): The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and AL(OH)3 is:
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl → AlCl3 + 3H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of AL(OH)3 reacts with 3 moles of HCl. So, to calculate the number of moles of HCl that 1 gram of AL(OH)3 can neutralize, we divide 0.10 moles (from the 0.10 M concentration) by the molar mass of AL(OH)3 (78.00 g/mol):
mole ratio: 1 mole AL(OH)3 : 3 moles HCl
0.10 moles HCl / (78.00 g/mol) = 0.00128 moles HCl per gram AL(OH)3
Comparing the results, we can see that 1 gram of MGO can neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10 M HCl, with 0.00248 moles of HCl neutralized. Therefore, MGO will neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10 M HCl per gram among the given substances.
To determine which substance will neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10M HCl (hydrochloric acid) per gram, you need to calculate the amount of acid-neutralizing capacity for each substance.
The acid-neutralizing capacity is determined by the number of moles of acid that one mole of the substance can neutralize. This can be calculated using the concept of stoichiometry and balanced chemical equations.
Let's start by writing the balanced chemical equations for the neutralization reactions of each substance with HCl:
1. MGO (magnesium oxide):
MgO + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O
2. Mg(OH)2 (magnesium hydroxide):
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + 2H2O
3. AL(OH)3 (aluminum hydroxide):
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3H2O
Now, we need to determine the molar mass of each substance.
1. MGO:
Molar mass of Mg: 24.31 g/mol
Molar mass of O: 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of MGO: 24.31 + 16.00 = 40.31 g/mol
2. Mg(OH)2:
Molar mass of Mg: 24.31 g/mol
Molar mass of O: 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of H: 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of Mg(OH)2: 24.31 + (16.00 * 2) + (1.01 * 2) = 58.33 g/mol
3. AL(OH)3:
Molar mass of Al: 26.98 g/mol
Molar mass of O: 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of H: 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of AL(OH)3: (26.98 + (16.00 * 3) + (1.01 * 3)) = 79.98 g/mol
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of each substance that can be neutralized by 1 mole of HCl.
1. MGO:
From the balanced equation, 1 mole of MGO reacts with 2 moles of HCl.
Therefore, 1 mole of MGO can neutralize 2 moles of HCl.
2. Mg(OH)2:
From the balanced equation, 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HCl.
Therefore, 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 can neutralize 2 moles of HCl.
3. AL(OH)3:
From the balanced equation, 1 mole of AL(OH)3 reacts with 3 moles of HCl.
Therefore, 1 mole of AL(OH)3 can neutralize 3 moles of HCl.
Finally, we can calculate the acid-neutralizing capacity per gram of each substance by dividing the number of moles of HCl neutralized by the molar mass of the substance:
1. MGO:
Acid-neutralizing capacity = (2 moles of HCl) / (40.31 g/mol) ≈ 0.0495 moles/g
2. Mg(OH)2:
Acid-neutralizing capacity = (2 moles of HCl) / (58.33 g/mol) ≈ 0.0343 moles/g
3. AL(OH)3:
Acid-neutralizing capacity = (3 moles of HCl) / (79.98 g/mol) ≈ 0.0375 moles/g
Comparing the acid-neutralizing capacities, we can see that MGO will neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10M HCl per gram, with an acid-neutralizing capacity of approximately 0.0495 moles/g.