Im stumped... These answers I cannot find, please and thank you :)
1) In males, the primary target of FSH is the ______.
2)Testosterone and other androgens are secreted by the______.
3)During meiosis, when synapsis occurs, corresponding maternal and paternal chromosomes come together to produce
a) 46 pairs of chromosomes
b) 23 chromosomes
c) the haploid number of chromosomes
d) the diploid number of chromosomes
4)The completion of meiosis in males produces four spermatids each containing
a) 23 chromosomes
b) 23 pairs of chromosomes
c) the diploid number of chromosomes
d) 46 chromosomes
5)What is the functional significance of the normally acidic pH of the ?
6)How is the process of meiosis involved in the development of the spermatozoon and the ovum?
7)Using an average cycle of 28 days, describe each of the three phases of the uterine cycle.
8)Describe the hormonal events associated with the uterine cycle.
1) To find the answer to the first question, you can start by understanding what FSH stands for. FSH stands for Follicle-stimulating hormone. In males, FSH primarily targets the Sertoli cells in the testes. These cells play a crucial role in sperm production and maturation. The Sertoli cells assist in nourishing the developing sperm cells and also produce other hormones necessary for spermatogenesis. Therefore, the primary target of FSH in males is the Sertoli cells.
2) In order to determine the answer to the second question, you need to know where testosterone and other androgens are produced. Testosterone and other androgens are primarily secreted by the Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells, within the testes. These cells are located between the seminiferous tubules, which are responsible for sperm production. The secretion of testosterone by the Leydig cells is important for the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.
3) The third question is about meiosis and synapsis. During meiosis, synapsis is the process where matching pairs of maternal and paternal chromosomes align and physically connect. The purpose of synapsis is to promote genetic recombination, where genetic material from both parents is exchanged. The result of synapsis is the formation of what are known as bivalents or tetrads, which consist of the four chromatids involved in the exchange of genetic material. The correct answer to this question is c) the haploid number of chromosomes because synapsis occurs during the first stage of meiosis, known as prophase I, leading to the formation of haploid cells.
4) The fourth question is about the completion of meiosis in males. After meiosis is completed in males, the resulting cells are spermatids. Spermatids are haploid cells, meaning they contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer to this question is a) 23 chromosomes.
5) To understand the functional significance of the acidic pH of the , you need to consider its role in maintaining a healthy environment. The normal pH of the is slightly acidic, ranging from around 3.8 to 4.5. This acidity is primarily maintained by lactobacilli, beneficial bacteria present in the l microbiota. The acidic pH helps to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and other pathogens, reducing the risk of infections. It also provides an optimal environment for the survival and function of the sperm cells. The acidity helps to ensure the proper functioning of the l ecosystem and the overall reproductive health of women.
6) The sixth question is about the involvement of meiosis in the development of spermatozoa and ova. Meiosis is the specialized cell division process that produces gametes, which are sex cells like sperm and eggs. In males, meiosis occurs during spermatogenesis, resulting in the development of spermatozoa or sperm cells. Meiosis in males results in the formation of haploid sperm cells containing only half the number of chromosomes found in other body cells. In females, meiosis occurs during oogenesis, leading to the development of ova or eggs. Meiosis in females results in the division of one parent cell into a single egg cell and polar bodies. It is important for genetic diversity and the correct number of chromosomes in the offspring.
7) The seventh question asks for a description of the three phases of the uterine cycle, based on an average cycle of 28 days. The uterine cycle refers to the changes that occur in the uterus to prepare for potential pregnancy. The three phases of the uterine cycle are as follows:
a) Menstrual Phase (Days 1-5): This is the first phase of the uterine cycle. It is characterized by the shedding of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, which occurs if fertilization and implantation do not occur. This results in menstrual bleeding, which typically lasts for about 3-5 days.
b) Proliferative Phase (Days 6-14): Following the menstrual phase, the proliferative phase begins. During this phase, the endometrium begins to thicken and rebuild, under the influence of estrogen. The endometrial lining becomes more vascularized and glandular as it prepares for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.
c) Secretory Phase (Days 15-28): In this phase, which occurs after ovulation, the endometrial lining continues to thicken and becomes more glandular under the influence of progesterone. If fertilization and implantation occur, the endometrium provides a nourishing environment for the developing embryo. If fertilization does not occur, the endometrium undergoes degeneration and prepares for shedding during the next menstrual phase.
8) The eighth question focuses on the hormonal events associated with the uterine cycle.
During the uterine cycle, the hormonal events are regulated by interactions between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. The key hormones involved are:
a) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): At the beginning of the uterine cycle, FSH is released by the pituitary gland. FSH stimulates the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries, each containing an egg.
b) Luteinizing hormone (LH): As the follicles mature, LH levels increase, leading to ovulation. LH is responsible for triggering the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
c) Estrogen: The developing follicles produce estrogen, which is responsible for the proliferation and thickening of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle.
d) Progesterone: After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone. Progesterone promotes the growth and maintenance of the endometrium during the secretory phase, preparing it for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.
e) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): GnRH is released by the hypothalamus and triggers the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland, initiating the uterine cycle.
These hormonal events and their interactions play important roles in regulating the uterine cycle and preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy.