what is the hybridization of each atom for hydrocyanic acid?
HCN.
H to C is sp
C-N is sp. Then twp p-p bonds form the other two to make C-triple bond-N
To determine the hybridization of each atom in hydrocyanic acid, we need to examine the electron configuration around each atom.
Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) consists of three atoms: hydrogen (H), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N).
1. Hydrogen (H): Hydrogen has only one electron and can only form one bond. Therefore, hydrogen in HCN is considered to be in an s orbital hybridization, specifically 1s.
2. Carbon (C): Carbon is in the second row of the periodic table and has an electron configuration of 1s^2 2s^2 2p^2. Carbon in HCN forms a double bond with nitrogen and a single bond with hydrogen. For this, carbon atom undergoes hybridization. By mixing one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals (2px, 2py, and 2pz), it forms four sp3 hybrid orbitals. As a result, the carbon atom in HCN is sp3 hybridized.
3. Nitrogen (N): Nitrogen also has an electron configuration of 1s^2 2s^2 2p^3. Nitrogen in HCN forms a triple bond with carbon. To form these bonds, nitrogen needs to undergo hybridization. By mixing one 2s orbital and two 2p orbitals (2py and 2pz), nitrogen forms three sp hybrid orbitals. Thus, the nitrogen atom in HCN is sp hybridized.
In summary, the hybridization of each atom in hydrocyanic acid (HCN) is as follows:
- Hydrogen (H): 1s orbital
- Carbon (C): sp3 hybrid orbitals
- Nitrogen (N): sp hybrid orbitals