The Golgi body receives proteins from the (A) __________, "packages" those proteins and "ships" them to other areas of the cell, or to the (B) ________ for secretion.
Since this is not my area of expertise, I searched Google under the key words "golgi bodies function" to get these possible sources:
https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=golgi+bodies+function&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8
In the future, you can find the information you desire more quickly, if you use appropriate key words to do your own search. Also see http://hanlib.sou.edu/searchtools/.
To find the answers to your question:
(A) The Golgi body receives proteins from the (A) ___.
To determine where the Golgi body receives proteins from, we need to understand the process of protein synthesis in a cell. Proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is a network of membranes studded with ribosomes. The ribosomes on the rough ER translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into chains of amino acids, forming proteins. As the proteins are synthesized, they are transferred into the lumen or interior of the rough ER.
The Golgi body or Golgi apparatus is next in line after the rough ER in the protein processing pathway. It receives proteins from the rough ER. The proteins are transported from the rough ER to the Golgi body through small vesicles that bud off from the rough ER membrane and fuse with the Golgi membranes.
Therefore, the correct answer is the "rough endoplasmic reticulum" (rough ER).
(B) "Packages" those proteins and "ships" them to other areas of the cell or to the (B) ___ for secretion.
Once the Golgi body receives proteins, it processes and modifies them. The Golgi body consists of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae. Proteins entering the Golgi body go through several cisternae, where they are modified by adding specific molecular tags and undergoing further folding.
After modification, the Golgi body packages the proteins into vesicles, which are small membrane-bound sacs that carry the proteins. These vesicles then transport the proteins to their final destinations within the cell or to the plasma membrane for secretion. In the case of secretion, the Golgi body sends the vesicles containing the proteins to the plasma membrane, where the vesicles fuse with the membrane, releasing the proteins outside the cell.
Therefore, the correct answer is the "plasma membrane" for secretion.
In summary, the Golgi body receives proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), and it packages and ships them to other areas of the cell or to the plasma membrane for secretion.