In a hypothetical experiment, the blood flow between two dogs is joined and one dog is stressed so that its heart rate goes up rapidly. What will happen to the heart rate of the second dog?

a) It will remain calm because the heart rate is determined intrinsically in each heart.

b) Heart rate will go up due to an increase in epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood.

c) Heart rate will go up due to a sympathetic stimulation via the blood.

d) It will remain calm because there is no connection of the dogs' sympathetic nervous systems.

THis is a weird question. d is the answer,and you ought to know why before your next test.

c) Heart rate will go up due to a sympathetic stimulation via the blood.

When the blood flow between two dogs is joined, it allows for the transfer of substances such as hormones and neurotransmitters between their circulatory systems. In this case, when one dog is stressed and its heart rate increases rapidly, stress hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine are released into the blood. These hormones can then be carried to the second dog, causing a sympathetic stimulation of its heart. As a result, the heart rate of the second dog will also increase. Therefore, option c is the correct answer.

In this hypothetical experiment, the blood flow between two dogs is joined and one dog is stressed, causing its heart rate to increase rapidly. The question asks what will happen to the heart rate of the second dog.

To determine the answer, we need to understand how the two dogs' circulatory systems are connected and how the heart rate is regulated.

Option a) suggests that the heart rate is determined intrinsically in each heart, implying that the heart rate of the second dog will remain calm despite the stressed dog's increased heart rate. While it is true that the heart rate is regulated by intrinsic mechanisms, in this experiment, the blood flow between the dogs is joined, which means there is a potential for communication and transmission of signals between their circulatory systems.

Option b) states that the heart rate of the second dog will go up due to an increase in epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood. This is a plausible explanation because stress activates the release of these hormones, which can increase heart rate. However, we need to consider if the stress-induced increase in hormones can be transmitted from one dog to another.

Option c) suggests that the heart rate of the second dog will go up due to sympathetic stimulation via the blood. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes increased heart rate. If the stressed dog's sympathetic nervous system is activated, it is likely that the sympathetic signals can be transmitted through the joined blood flow to the second dog, leading to an increase in its heart rate.

Option d) claims that the second dog will remain calm because there is no connection of the dogs' sympathetic nervous systems. However, in this hypothetical experiment, the blood flow between the dogs is specifically mentioned to be joined, implying the potential for communication between their circulatory systems.

Given these explanations, the most likely answer is c) Heart rate will go up due to sympathetic stimulation via the blood. Since the blood flow between the two dogs is joined, it is possible for sympathetic signals to be transmitted, causing an increase in the heart rate of the second dog.