Refer to the passage from Benedict de Spinoza's On the Improvement of the Understanding, translated by R.H.M. Elwes. The last sentence in the passage is:

1. A summary of a main idea in the passage
2. An example that illustrates a hypothesis
3. A transition into a new subject
4. A description of a state of mind
5. The closing event in a narrative

Here is the passage. I believe the answer is 1 or 5.
[6] (1) When I saw that all these ordinary objects of desire would be obstacles in the way of a search for something different and new. nay, that they were so opposed thereto, that either they or it would have to be abandoned, I was forced to inquire which would prove the most useful to me: for, as I say, I seemed to be willingly losing hold on a sure good for the sake of something uncertain. (6:2) However, after I had reflected on the matter, I came in the first place to the conclusion that by abandoning the ordinary objects of pursuit, and betaking myself to a new quest, I should be leaving a good, uncertain by reason of its own nature, as may be gathered from what has been said, for the sake of a good not uncertain in its nature (for I sought for a fixed good), but only in the possibility of its attainment.

[7] (1) Further reflection convinced me that if I could really get to the root of the matter I should be leaving certain evils for a certain good. (2) I thus perceived that I was in a state of great peril, and I compelled myself to seek with all my strength for a remedy, however uncertain it might be; as a sick man struggling with a deadly disease, when he sees that death will surely be upon him unless a remedy be found, is compelled to seek a remedy with all his strength, inasmuch as his whole hope lies therein. (7:3) All the objects pursued by the multitude not only bring no remedy that tends to preserve our being, but even act as hindrances, causing the death not seldom of those who possess them, [b] and always of those who are possessed by them.

How is the last sentence the description of an event? It's not #5. I agree with #1..

The last sentence in the passage is a description of a state of mind. It describes the perilous state the author finds themselves in and the urgency to seek a remedy. So, the answer is 4. A description of a state of mind.

The last sentence in the passage is: "All the objects pursued by the multitude not only bring no remedy that tends to preserve our being, but even act as hindrances, causing the death not seldom of those who possess them, [b] and always of those who are possessed by them."

Based on the options given, the correct answer would be 1. A summary of a main idea in the passage. This sentence summarizes the main idea that all the objects pursued by the multitude are not beneficial but rather act as hindrances and can even cause harm.

The last sentence in the passage is a description of a state of mind. It describes the speaker being in a state of great peril and feeling compelled to seek a remedy with all their strength, similar to a sick person struggling with a deadly disease. This sentence doesn't summarize a main idea or transition into a new subject, and it is not an example or closing event in a narrative. Therefore, the correct answer is option 4: A description of a state of mind.