If you wanted to dope Selenium with something to make it a p-type semiconductor, what would you use?
B, Al, Ga. See this.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Solids/dope.html
To dope Selenium and make it a p-type semiconductor, you would need to introduce impurities that can donate positive charges or holes to the material's crystal lattice. This process is called p-type doping. In the case of Selenium, a common element used for p-type doping is Indium (In).
Here's how you would proceed to dope Selenium with Indium to make it a p-type semiconductor:
1. Gather the necessary materials: Selenium (Se) and Indium (In) source materials, along with a furnace or a suitable doping apparatus.
2. Prepare the doping setup: Place the Selenium material and the Indium source material in the doping apparatus. Ensure that they are in proximity to facilitate the diffusion of Indium atoms into the Selenium lattice.
3. Establish the doping conditions: Set the appropriate temperature and time for the diffusion process. Generally, high temperatures (around 500-600°C) are required for effective diffusion.
4. Apply the doping process: Heat the furnace or doping apparatus to the desired temperature and allow the Indium source material to evaporate. This will cause Indium atoms to diffuse into the Selenium lattice.
5. Cool and stabilize the doped Selenium: After the doping process, cool down the sample slowly to prevent crystal lattice defects. This cooling process helps to stabilize the doped Selenium, ensuring that the introduced Indium atoms occupy crystal lattice positions.
6. Characterize the doped material: Perform various characterization techniques, such as electrical measurements or spectroscopy, to confirm the successful p-type doping of Selenium with Indium.
By following these steps, you can dope Selenium with Indium and convert it into a p-type semiconductor.