Hammering a nail into wood makes it get hotter. Consider a 5-g long, 5-gauge steel nail and a hammer that exerts an average force of 500 N on the nail when it is introduced to a piece of wood.
The nail gets warmer each time. Demonstrate that the increase in the temperature of the nail is 13.3 ° C. (Suppose the specific heat of the steel is
450 J / kg * ° C)
To calculate the increase in temperature of the nail when hammered into wood, we can use the formula:
Q = m * c * ΔT
Where:
Q is the heat gained by the nail
m is the mass of the nail
c is the specific heat capacity of the steel
ΔT is the change in temperature
In this case, we are given that the mass of the nail (m) is 5 grams, the specific heat capacity of steel (c) is 450 J/kg*°C, and we want to calculate the change in temperature (ΔT).
First, let's convert the mass of the nail from grams to kilograms:
m = 5 grams = 5/1000 kg = 0.005 kg
Next, we need to calculate the heat gained by the nail (Q). We can use the formula:
Q = F * d
Where:
F is the average force exerted on the nail
d is the distance the nail is hammered into the wood
We are given that the average force (F) exerted on the nail is 500 N. However, we don't have information regarding the distance hammered (d) into the wood. Without that information, we cannot directly calculate the heat gained by the nail.