The English Reformation was initiated by King Henry VIII, who wanted to end his marriage, but the pope refused to grant an annulment (1). King Henry VIII broke England free from the Catholic Church, declared religious sovereignty, and had his marriage annulled (2). Henry then declared Lutheranism as England’s national religion and Martin Luther as the head of the church (3). Martin Luther and King Henry VIII selected bishops and received tax revenues from newly formed state churches (4).
i think 2,3 are true and 1,4 are false
1,2 are true and 3,4 are false
One and two say, essentially, the same thing, don't they? One can't be true and the other false! And what did Martin Luther have to do with the Church of England? Reread your text materials.
Your understanding is partially correct. The correct statements are as follows:
1) The English Reformation was indeed initiated by King Henry VIII, who wanted to end his marriage, but the pope refused to grant an annulment.
2) King Henry VIII did break England free from the Catholic Church, but he did not declare religious sovereignty or have his marriage annulled. In fact, he assumed the role of the Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved the monasteries.
3) King Henry VIII did not declare Lutheranism as England's national religion or make Martin Luther the head of the church. Instead, he established the Church of England with himself as the head.
4) It is not accurate to say that Martin Luther and King Henry VIII selected bishops and received tax revenues from newly formed state churches. King Henry VIII appointed his own bishops and clergy, and the tax revenues from the dissolution of the monasteries were used to fund the crown and government projects.
Let's go through each statement to determine if it is true or false.
1. The statement "The English Reformation was initiated by King Henry VIII, who wanted to end his marriage, but the pope refused to grant an annulment" is true. King Henry VIII's desire to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon was one of the main catalysts for the English Reformation.
To verify this, you can refer to historical sources, such as books or academic articles, that discuss the events leading up to the English Reformation and specifically mention King Henry VIII's desire for an annulment.
2. The statement "King Henry VIII broke England free from the Catholic Church, declared religious sovereignty, and had his marriage annulled" is true. As a result of the English Reformation, King Henry VIII separated England from the authority of the Pope, established the Church of England, declared himself the Supreme Head of the Church, and had his marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled.
To confirm this, you can read historical accounts of the English Reformation, such as the writings of historians like Diarmaid MacCulloch or Alison Weir, or refer to primary sources from that time period, such as official documents or speeches.
3. The statement "Henry then declared Lutheranism as England’s national religion and Martin Luther as the head of the church" is false. While King Henry VIII did break away from the Catholic Church, he did not adopt Lutheranism as the national religion or endorse Martin Luther as the head of the church. Instead, he established the Church of England, which followed a more broadly Protestant doctrine but retained certain Catholic elements.
To confirm this, you can again refer to historical sources that discuss the religious changes brought about by the English Reformation under Henry VIII's rule.
4. The statement "Martin Luther and King Henry VIII selected bishops and received tax revenues from newly formed state churches" is false. While King Henry VIII did exercise control over the appointment of bishops and had financial control over the Church of England, there is no historical evidence to connect Martin Luther to this process. Martin Luther primarily played a significant role in the Protestant Reformation in Germany, but his influence in England during Henry VIII's reign was limited.
To verify this, you can consult historical sources that examine the role of King Henry VIII in the establishment and control of the Church of England, as well as the broader historical context of the English Reformation.
In summary, statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true, statement 3 is false, and statement 4 is false.