Calculate [H+] or [OH-]as required for each of the following solutions at 25degrees and state whether the solution is neutral, acidic or basic
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To calculate the concentration of H+ or OH- in a solution, you first need to know the pH or pOH of the solution. The pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), while the pOH is a measure of the hydroxide ion concentration ([OH-]). The pH and pOH are related by the equations:
pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH-]
At 25 degrees Celsius, in a neutral solution, the concentration of both H+ and OH- is equal and is considered neutral. In an acidic solution, the concentration of H+ is higher than the concentration of OH-. In a basic solution, the concentration of OH- is higher than the concentration of H+.
Let's calculate the [H+] or [OH-] for each of the following solutions and determine if they are neutral, acidic, or basic:
1. pH = 7: In a neutral solution, the pH is 7, which means the concentration of H+ is 10^-7 M. Since [H+] = [OH-] in a neutral solution, the concentration of OH- is also 10^-7 M. Therefore, the solution is neutral.
2. pH = 3: In an acidic solution, the pH is less than 7. From the pH value, we can determine that the concentration of H+ is 10^-3 M. Since [H+] > [OH-], the concentration of OH- is less than 10^-7 M. Therefore, the solution is acidic.
3. pOH = 9: In a basic solution, the pOH is greater than 7. From the pOH value, we can determine that the concentration of OH- is 10^-9 M. Since [OH-] > [H+], the concentration of H+ is less than 10^-7 M. Therefore, the solution is basic.
By calculating the concentration of H+ or OH- using the given pH or pOH values, we can determine whether the solution is neutral, acidic, or basic.