HI is formed from the overlap of a hydrogen 1s orbital with an iodine 3p orbital? is that correct? I am having trouble with the iodine orbital, thank you.
The way I see it is that HI doesn't share an electron between H 1s and I 5p. Rather, HI is a strong acid, it ionizes completely and I look at it as an ionic compound in which the 1s electron from H is transferred to the 5p5 (to make 5p6 and that with the 5s2 makes 8 electrons in the outer shell).
https://www.google.com/search?q=electron+configureation+for+I&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8
Yes, the formation of HI molecule involves the overlap of a hydrogen 1s orbital with an iodine 3p orbital. To understand this concept better, let's break it down step by step:
1. Electron Orbitals: Orbitals are regions in an atom where electrons are most likely to be found. In the case of hydrogen, the 1s orbital is the lowest energy orbital and is spherical in shape. In the case of iodine, the 3p orbital is higher in energy and has a dumbbell shape.
2. Overlap: When two atoms come closer together, their orbitals can overlap, allowing the electrons from each atom to interact. This overlap leads to the formation of a chemical bond.
3. Hybridization of Iodine: Before discussing the overlap, it's important to note that iodine (I) undergoes hybridization before forming bonds. Iodine is in the halogen group, which means it has seven valence electrons. To achieve a stable configuration, iodine promotes an electron from its 5s orbital to the 4d orbital, resulting in the formation of three degenerate hybrid orbitals called sp2 orbitals.
4. Overlap Formation: Now, the hydrogen atom approaches the iodine atom, and the hydrogen 1s orbital overlaps with one of the iodine 3p orbitals. The overlap occurs mainly between the hydrogen 1s orbital and one of the three iodine sp2 orbitals.
5. Bond Formation: As a result of the overlap, a sigma (σ) bond is formed between hydrogen and iodine atoms. This means that the electron density between the two atoms is concentrated symmetrically along the axis formed by the overlap of their orbitals.
It's important to note that this is a simplified explanation of the formation of the HI molecule. In reality, the bonding is influenced by electron-electron repulsion, orbital orientations, and other factors. To get a more detailed understanding, studying molecular orbital theory and hybridization would be beneficial.