One hundred people are selected at random and tested for colorblindness to determine whether gender and colorblindness are independent. The following counts were observed.

Colorblind Not Colorblind Total
Male 7 53 60
Female 1 39 40
Total 8 92 100
State the null and alternative hypothesis for the information above.

Null hyp:

They are not independent.

Alt hyp:
They are independent.

The null hypothesis (H₀): Gender and colorblindness are independent.

The alternative hypothesis (H₁): Gender and colorblindness are not independent.

To state the null and alternative hypotheses for the association between gender and colorblindness, we can use the concept of independence.

Null hypothesis (H₀): Gender and colorblindness are independent.
Alternative hypothesis (H₁): Gender and colorblindness are not independent.

In simpler terms, the null hypothesis assumes that there is no relationship or association between gender and colorblindness in the population, while the alternative hypothesis suggests that there is a relationship or association between gender and colorblindness in the population.

Null hypothesis = they are independent (there is just chance variation)

Alternate hypothesis = they are not independent