Hello,
1) What is the PH if ammonia is mixed with water vapour?
2) What is the white smoke when I heat NH4Cl with Ca(OH)2?
Thanks
Hello,
1) To determine the pH when ammonia is mixed with water vapor, we need to consider the reaction between ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O). Ammonia in water forms ammonium ions (NH4+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4+ + OH-
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) will determine the pH of the solution. In pure water, the concentration of hydroxide ions is 1 x 10^-7 M and the pH is neutral, which is 7.
However, since ammonia is a base, it will increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in the water, making it basic. To calculate the actual pH, you need to know the concentration of ammonia and water vapor in the mixture. Without this information, it is difficult to determine the exact pH.
2) When you heat a mixture of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), a white smoke known as ammonium chloride is formed. The reaction can be written as follows:
Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl → 2NH3(g) + CaCl2 + 2H2O + NH4Cl(s)
During this reaction, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) decomposes to produce ammonia (NH3) gas, which reacts with water vapor in the air to form white smoke, which is actually solid ammonium chloride particles. The reaction also produces calcium chloride (CaCl2) and water (H2O).
So, the white smoke is a result of the reaction of ammonia gas with water vapor in the air, producing solid ammonium chloride particles.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.