ALL of the countries below are matched CORRECTLY with the outcomes of colonization except for:

a. English: established permanent settler colonies despite hardships

b. Spanish: failed to find gold or to convert the Indians to Christianity

c. French: succeeded in the fur trade but failed to convert the Indians

d. Dutch: succeeded briefly in the fur trade but failed to establish a permanent settler colony

e. Spanish: found gold, converted the Indians, and established the mission system

My answer is b.

The Spanish certainly DID find gold.

They became the most powerful country in Europe for a while due to their riches from the New World. So I agree with you.

To determine which answer is incorrect, we need to analyze each statement and match it with the correct outcome of colonization.

a. English: established permanent settler colonies despite hardships. This statement is correct. The English successfully established permanent settler colonies in North America, such as Jamestown and Plymouth, despite facing numerous challenges.

b. Spanish: failed to find gold or to convert the Indians to Christianity. This statement is also correct. While the Spanish did find gold in the Americas, they faced difficulties in converting the indigenous population to Christianity.

c. French: succeeded in the fur trade but failed to convert the Indians. This statement is correct as well. The French did succeed in lucrative fur trading with the indigenous peoples but were generally less focused on converting them to Christianity.

d. Dutch: succeeded briefly in the fur trade but failed to establish a permanent settler colony. This statement is also accurate. The Dutch established temporary fur trading outposts, such as New Amsterdam (later renamed New York), but ultimately failed to establish a lasting settler colony.

e. Spanish: found gold, converted the Indians, and established the mission system. This statement is incorrect. While the Spanish did find gold and establish the mission system, they struggled to convert all of the indigenous population to Christianity. Some resisted conversion, and the mission system was not universally successful.

Therefore, the correct answer is e. Spanish: found gold, converted the Indians, and established the mission system.