In a laboratory, the following reaction is performed by combining 358 g of H2O and a sufficient amount of CaC2. The percent yield for this reaction is 94.5%. Calculate the actual yield of acetylene (C2H2) in grams from this reaction.
CaC2 + 2H2O C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
To calculate the actual yield of acetylene (C2H2) in grams, we need to follow the given information.
1. Calculate the molar mass of C2H2:
The molar mass of C2H2 = (2 * molar mass of C) + (2 * molar mass of H)
Molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol
Molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of C2H2 = (2 * 12.01 g/mol) + (2 * 1.01 g/mol) = 26.04 g/mol
2. Convert the mass of water (H2O) to moles:
Given mass of H2O = 358 g
Molar mass of H2O = 18.015 g/mol
Moles of H2O = mass of H2O / molar mass of H2O
= 358 g / 18.015 g/mol
≈ 19.87 mol
3. Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, determine the moles of C2H2 produced:
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of CaC2 reacts to produce 1 mole of C2H2.
So, the moles of C2H2 produced will be the same as the moles of CaC2 used.
4. Calculate the moles of CaC2 used:
Assuming the reaction goes to completion, the percent yield of 94.5% means that we obtain 94.5 g of C2H2 for every 100 g of C2H2 produced theoretically.
Therefore, the percent yield can be interpreted as a ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield.
Theoretical yield of C2H2 = (moles of C2H2 produced) * (molar mass of C2H2)
Actual yield of C2H2 = (percent yield / 100) * Theoretical yield of C2H2
Percent yield = 94.5%
Theoretical yield of C2H2 = (19.87 mol) * (26.04 g/mol)
Actual yield of C2H2 = (94.5 / 100) * [(19.87 mol) * (26.04 g/mol)]
5. Calculate the actual yield of C2H2 in grams:
Actual yield of C2H2 (g) = Actual yield of C2H2 (mol) * (molar mass of C2H2)
Plug in the values to calculate:
Actual yield of C2H2 (g) = (Actual yield of C2H2) * (26.04 g/mol)
To calculate the actual yield of acetylene (C2H2) in grams from the reaction, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Find the molar mass of CaC2 and C2H2.
The molar mass of CaC2 (calcium carbide) = 64 g/mol.
The molar mass of C2H2 (acetylene) = 26 g/mol.
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of CaC2.
To find the number of moles of CaC2 used in the reaction, divide the given mass of CaC2 (sufficient amount) by its molar mass.
Number of moles of CaC2 = Mass of CaC2 / Molar mass of CaC2 = x g / 64 g/mol
Step 3: Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the number of moles of C2H2 produced.
From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of CaC2 produces 1 mole of C2H2.
Therefore, the number of moles of C2H2 produced is equal to the number of moles of CaC2 used in the reaction.
Step 4: Calculate the theoretical yield of C2H2.
The theoretical yield of C2H2 is the maximum amount of C2H2 that can be produced if the reaction goes to completion.
The theoretical yield of C2H2 = Number of moles of C2H2 * Molar mass of C2H2
Step 5: Calculate the actual yield of C2H2 using the percent yield.
The percent yield is given as 94.5%, which means that the actual yield is 94.5% of the theoretical yield.
Actual yield of C2H2 = Percent yield * Theoretical yield
Step 6: Convert the actual yield of C2H2 from moles to grams.
To convert the number of moles to grams, multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of C2H2.
Actual yield of C2H2 in grams = Actual yield of C2H2 in moles * Molar mass of C2H2
By following these steps, you will be able to calculate the actual yield of acetylene (C2H2) in grams from the given reaction.