Which of the following concepts best captures the utilitarian notion that each person’s welfare is equally important and, thus, that no one person’s happiness should be regarded as more important than any other person’s?

A. Fecundity
B. Psychological hedonism
C. Agent neutrality
D. Nobility of intent

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The concept that best captures the utilitarian notion that each person's welfare is equally important, and no one person's happiness should be regarded as more important than any other person's, is agent neutrality.

To arrive at this answer, let's briefly explain the other options and then focus on agent neutrality:

A. Fecundity: This concept refers to the ability to produce offspring or new individuals. It is not directly related to the idea of each person's welfare being equally important.

B. Psychological hedonism: This concept states that people are motivated solely by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain. While it touches on the pursuit of happiness, it does not specifically address the idea of each person's welfare being of equal importance.

C. Agent neutrality: This concept aligns with the utilitarian notion that all individuals should be treated equally. It implies that no one person's happiness is more important than another's. In other words, it emphasizes the impartiality and fairness of utilitarianism.

D. Nobility of intent: This concept refers to the idea that the intention behind an action determines its moral worth. While it may be related to utilitarianism, it does not directly address the equal importance of each person's welfare.

Therefore, considering the options provided, the concept that best captures the utilitarian notion of every person's welfare being equally important is agent neutrality (Option C).