Elizabeth is married to John, and they have four children. Elizabeth has a straight nose (recessive) and is able to roll her tongue (dominant). John is also able to roll his tongue, but he has a convex (Roman) nose (dominant). Of their four children, Ellen is just like her father, and Dan is just like his mother. The other children—Anne, who has a convex nose, and Peter, who has a straight nose—are unable to roll their tongues. Please answer the following questions about this family.

Question

Elizabeth is married to John, and they have four children. Elizabeth has a straight nose (recessive) and is able to roll her tongue (dominant). John is also able to roll his tongue, but he has a convex (Roman) nose (dominant). Of their four children, Ellen is just like her father, and Dan is just like his mother. The other children—Anne, who has a convex nose, and Peter, who has a straight nose—are unable to roll their tongues. Please answer the following questions about this family.

Diagram the three described generations of this family in accepted pedigree form, including the phenotypes for these two traits.

Answer 1

C: convex nose line; c: straight R: tongue roller; r: non roller

Elizabeth John
ccR_ C_R_

Children: Ellen: C_R_
Dan: ccR_
Anne: C_rr
Peter: ccrr
a. Must be heterozygous for dominant traits to have homozygous recessive children.
b. Elizabeth’s father: ccR_, mother C_rr
Mom must have been heterozygous for C, can’t determine dad’s genotype for nose line from this information alone.
c. John’s father: ccR_, mother C_R_
Cannot determine mom’s genotype for nose line from this info alone; one parent would have had to be heterozygous for tongue rolling.

Answer 2

In pedigree form, the family can be represented as follows:

Generation 1:
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| Elizabeth (Straight nose, Tongue rolling) x John (Convex nose, Tongue rolling) |
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Generation 2:
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| Ellen (Convex nose, Tongue rolling) | Dan (Straight nose, Tongue rolling) |
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Generation 3:
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| Anne (Convex nose, No tongue rolling) | Peter (Straight nose, No tongue rolling) |
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Note: Each individual is represented by a symbol (circle for female, square for male), and the trait information is written inside the symbol. The connections between individuals show their relationships (marriage or parent-child).

Answer 3

To diagram the three generations of this family in pedigree form, we can use specific symbols to represent different individuals and their phenotypes. Let's start with the first generation:

First Generation:
Elizabeth: Straight nose (recessive), Tongue roller (dominant)
John: Convex nose (dominant), Tongue roller (dominant)

Using the commonly accepted symbols for pedigree diagrams, we would represent Elizabeth and John as follows:

♂ John (Convex nose, Tongue roller)
♀ Elizabeth (Straight nose, Tongue roller)

Now, let's move on to the second generation:

Second Generation:
Ellen: Convex nose (dominant), Tongue roller (dominant)
Dan: Straight nose (recessive), Tongue roller (dominant)
Anne: Convex nose (dominant), Non-tongue roller (recessive)
Peter: Straight nose (recessive), Non-tongue roller (recessive)

We can represent this generation using the symbols for males (squares) and females (circles):

♂ John (Convex nose, Tongue roller)
♀ Elizabeth (Straight nose, Tongue roller)
|
_____
| |
♂ ♀
Ellen Dan

|
_____
| |
♀ ♂
Anne Peter

Each individual is connected to their parents using a vertical line, and siblings are connected horizontally. Now, we can label their phenotypes next to their symbols.

Since it's difficult to produce a diagram using plain text, I recommend using a pedigree maker tool or drawing software to create a visual representation of this pedigree.