If 5.026g chromium is combined with 3.04L of chlorine gas at 0.955atm
and 220C, what mass of chromium (III) chloride is produced?
PV=nRT
n=PV/RT
Pressure (0.955atm), Volume (3.04L), R constant (0.082), Temperature (273 + 220 = 493 K).
n = 2.9032/40.426
= 0.071815 moles
To find the mass of chromium (III) chloride produced, we need to calculate the stoichiometry of the reaction and then use the given information.
The balanced equation for the reaction between chromium and chlorine gas to form chromium (III) chloride is:
2 Cr + 3 Cl2 → 2 CrCl3
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of chromium (Cr)
Given mass of chromium (Cr) = 5.026 g
First, convert the mass of chromium to moles using the molar mass of chromium (Cr), which is 51.996 g/mol.
Moles of chromium (Cr) = 5.026 g / 51.996 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of chlorine gas (Cl2)
Given volume of chlorine gas (Cl2) = 3.04 L
Use the ideal gas law equation to convert the volume of chlorine gas to moles.
PV = nRT
Where:
P = pressure (0.955 atm)
V = volume (3.04 L)
n = moles
R = gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)
T = temperature (in Kelvin)
Rearrange the equation to solve for moles (n):
n = PV / RT
n = (0.955 atm)(3.04 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(220 + 273.15 K)
Step 3: Determine the limiting reactant
To find the limiting reactant, we compare the number of moles of chromium and chlorine gas. The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant.
Step 4: Calculate the number of moles of chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) produced
Since the balanced equation shows that 2 moles of chromium are required to produce 2 moles of chromium (III) chloride, and the limiting reactant determines the number of moles of chromium available for the reaction, we have:
Moles of chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) = (Moles of chromium (Cr)) / 2
Step 5: Calculate the mass of chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) produced
To calculate the mass of chromium (III) chloride produced, we use the molar mass of chromium chloride (CrCl3), which is 158.36 g/mol.
Mass of chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) = Moles of chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) * Molar mass of chromium chloride (CrCl3)
By following these steps, you can calculate the mass of chromium (III) chloride produced using the given information.