Carbon tetracholoride is made according to the following reaction: carbon disulfide + chlorine gas yields carbon tetrachloride and disulfur dichloride. Write the correct balanced equation and then determine how many grams of CS2 are needed to make 16 kilograms of CCl4.
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To write the balanced equation for the reaction between carbon disulfide (CS2) and chlorine gas (Cl2) to produce carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and disulfur dichloride (S2Cl2), we first need to identify the elements present and their respective oxidation states.
The oxidation state of carbon in CS2 is +4, and in CCl4, it is -4. Similarly, the oxidation state of sulfur in CS2 is +4, while in S2Cl2, it is +2. The oxidation state of chlorine is -1 in both compounds.
The balanced equation is as follows:
CS2 + 3Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2
To determine the number of grams of CS2 required to produce 16 kilograms (kg) of CCl4, we need to use stoichiometry and convert the given mass from kg to grams.
1 kg = 1000 grams
Now, we will set up the conversion factor using the balanced equation:
1 mole of CS2 reacts with 1 mole of CCl4
Molar mass of CS2 = 76.14 g/mol
Molar mass of CCl4 = 153.83 g/mol
1 mole of CS2 = 76.14 grams
1 mole of CCl4 = 153.83 grams
To find the number of moles of CCl4, we need to divide the given mass (16 kg) by the molar mass of CCl4 and multiply by Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10^23):
Number of moles of CCl4 = (16,000 grams) / (153.83 grams/mol) = 103.95 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1 between CS2 and CCl4, the number of moles of CS2 required will also be 103.95 moles.
Now, to convert moles of CS2 to grams:
Mass of CS2 = Moles of CS2 * Molar mass of CS2
Mass of CS2 = 103.95 moles * 76.14 grams/mol = 7,926.03 grams
Therefore, approximately 7,926 grams (or 7.93 kg) of CS2 are needed to produce 16 kilograms of CCl4.