What do Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism have in common? How are they different?
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http://www.google.com/#q=transcendentalism+
http://www.google.com/#q=Dark+Romanticism
Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism are both literary movements that emerged in the mid-19th century in response to the prevailing rationalistic and materialistic ideologies of the time. Although they share some common themes, they also differ in several aspects. To understand their similarities and differences, you can follow these steps:
1. Research Transcendentalism: Start by studying the key ideas and beliefs of Transcendentalism. This movement, led by writers like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, emphasized the divinity of nature, the importance of intuition and individualism, and the potential for spiritual growth.
2. Research Dark Romanticism: Familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of Dark Romanticism. This literary movement, which included writers like Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne, focused on exploring the dark and mysterious aspects of human nature, the supernatural, and the psychological effects of guilt and sin.
3. Identify common themes: Look for overlapping themes between the two movements. Both Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism rejected the rationalistic worldview of the time, challenged societal norms, and explored the relationship between nature and the self. Both movements also emphasized the importance of individuality and the rejection of conformity.
4. Analyze differences in tone: Consider the tonal differences between Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism. While Transcendentalism tends to be more optimistic and celebrates the potential for personal growth and spiritual connection, Dark Romanticism often explores themes of despair, melancholy, and the darker aspects of the human condition.
5. Evaluate views on nature: Examine how Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism approach the concept of nature. Transcendentalists believed in the inherent wisdom and divinity of nature, seeing it as a source of inspiration and spiritual connection. In contrast, Dark Romantics often depicted nature as a reflection of human nature's darker aspects, symbolizing the fragility of the individual.
6. Consider social and political views: Compare the social and political views of the two movements. Transcendentalism advocated for individualism, self-reliance, and a connection with nature as a means of transcending societal limitations. Dark Romanticism, however, delved into the societal and psychological effects of guilt, sin, and the constraints of Puritanism.
By following these steps, you should gain a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism, which will help you in writing your essay. Remember to support your arguments with evidence and specific examples from the literary works of these two movements.