According to the American Insurance Companies, on average, a vehicle is driven 12,000 miles per year. In the chemical equation below, gasoline is given as octane, or C8H18. Assume the vehicle gets 22.0 miles per gallon. The density of octane is 0.703 g/mL.

2 C8H18 + 25 O2 „³ 16 CO2 + 18 H2O
A. How many gallons of C8H18 is used in a year?
B. Convert gallon to liters (1 L = 0.264 gallon)
C. Convert liter to mL
D. How many grams of C8H18 is used in a year? (HINT: Remember the density equation, D=m/V, can be used to determine mass if volume is known.)
E. Based on mass of C8H18, how many grams of CO2 is produced in a year?
F. Convert

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Look in the owner’s manual of your car to determine the amount of gasoline your tank can hold. Using the information presented in the text, calculate how much carbon dioxide is produced from driving your car for a year assuming that all the gas is octane (C8H18). You may not look up the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from a gallon of gas on the internet to complete this discussion board post. The intention of this exercise is for you to use concepts such as density, balancing chemical equations, moles, etc. to determine your car’s carbon. How do i start and set up this type of problem? Help

A. To find the number of gallons of C8H18 used in a year, we need to calculate the total distance traveled in a year and divide it by the fuel efficiency.

Given:
- Average miles driven per year = 12,000 miles
- Vehicle fuel efficiency = 22.0 miles per gallon

To calculate the gallons of C8H18 used in a year:
12,000 miles / 22.0 miles per gallon = 545.45 gallons

Therefore, approximately 545.45 gallons of C8H18 are used in a year.

B. To convert gallons to liters, we can use the conversion factor:
1 gallon = 3.78541 liters

To convert the number of gallons of C8H18 to liters:
545.45 gallons * 3.78541 liters/gallon = 2064.56 liters

Therefore, approximately 2064.56 liters of C8H18 is used in a year.

C. To convert liters to milliliters, we can use the conversion factor:
1 liter = 1000 milliliters

To convert the number of liters of C8H18 to milliliters:
2064.56 liters * 1000 mL/liter = 2,064,560 mL

Therefore, approximately 2,064,560 milliliters of C8H18 is used in a year.

D. To find the grams of C8H18 used in a year, we need to use the density equation:
Density (D) = mass (m) / volume (V)

Given:
- Density of octane (C8H18) = 0.703 g/mL
- Volume of C8H18 used in a year = 2,064,560 mL (from part C)

Rearranging the equation:
mass (m) = density (D) * volume (V)

Mass of C8H18 used in a year:
mass = 0.703 g/mL * 2,064,560 mL = 1,449,911.28 grams

Therefore, approximately 1,449,911.28 grams of C8H18 is used in a year.

E. Based on the chemical equation, we can see that 2 moles of C8H18 will produce 16 moles of CO2. Therefore, we need to find the moles of C8H18 first, then convert it to grams of CO2.

The molar mass of C8H18 is calculated as:
(8 * Atomic mass of carbon) + (18 * atomic mass of hydrogen)
(8 * 12.01 g/mol) + (18 * 1.01 g/mol) = 114.23 g/mol

The moles of C8H18 used in a year is:
Mass of C8H18 = 1,449,911.28 grams
Moles of C8H18 = Mass / Molar mass
Moles = 1,449,911.28 g / 114.23 g/mol = 12,698.49 moles

Using the stoichiometric ratio from the equation:
2 moles of C8H18 produces 16 moles of CO2

Moles of CO2 produced = Moles of C8H18 * (16 moles of CO2 / 2 moles of C8H18)
Moles of CO2 = 12,698.49 * (16 / 2) = 101,587.92 moles

Now, we can calculate the mass of CO2 produced:
Mass of CO2 = Moles of CO2 * Molar mass of CO2
Molar mass of CO2 = (12 * Atomic mass of carbon) + (2 * Atomic mass of oxygen)
Molar mass of CO2 = (12 * 12.01 g/mol) + (2 * 16.00 g/mol) = 44.01 g/mol

Mass of CO2 produced = 101,587.92 moles * 44.01 g/mol = 4,470,863.33 grams

Therefore, approximately 4,470,863.33 grams of CO2 is produced in a year.

F. To convert grams to kilograms, we divide the amount in grams by 1000:
4,470,863.33 grams / 1000 = 4470.86 kilograms