determine whether the given is a statistics or parameter.

1.) There are 50 capitol states in the US.
Answer: Parameter

2.) Among the flights included in the sample of flights in Data set 15 in Appendix B, 21% arrived late.
Answer: Statistics

Both are right.

1.) The given statement, "There are 50 capitol states in the US," is a parameter. A parameter is a characteristic of a population or a specific value that describes the entire population.

2.) The given statement, "Among the flights included in the sample of flights in Data set 15 in Appendix B, 21% arrived late," is a statistic. A statistic is a characteristic of a sample that represents an estimate of a population parameter. In this case, the 21% arrival rate is specific to the sample of flights and is used to estimate the arrival rate for all flights.

To determine whether the given information is a statistic or a parameter, we need to understand the definitions of both terms in statistics.

A parameter refers to a numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a population. It is usually denoted using Greek letters and is fixed, meaning that it does not change. Parameters are not known for the whole population, but we can estimate them using sample data.

On the other hand, a statistic refers to a numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a sample. It is usually denoted using English letters, and it can vary from sample to sample. Statistics are calculated from the data collected in a sample and are used to estimate the population parameters.

Now let's analyze the given information:

1.) There are 50 capital states in the US.
In this case, the information is not based on a sample but rather refers to a fixed characteristic of the entire population (i.e., the total number of capital states in the US). Since it describes a characteristic of the population, it is a parameter.

2.) Among the flights included in the sample of flights in Data set 15 in Appendix B, 21% arrived late.
In this case, the information is based on a sample of flights from the data set, not the entire population of flights. It represents a numerical measurement (the percentage of late arrivals) that describes a characteristic of the sample. Therefore, it is a statistic.

So, to summarize:
- The first statement about the number of capital states in the US is a parameter.
- The second statement about the percentage of late arrivals among the flights in a sample is a statistic.