A diagram shows a rope and pulley arrangement of a device being used to lift an 800 N object.Assume that the roped are light and inextensible and also that the pulley is light and frictionless.
In order to understand how the device works, we need to consider the principles of mechanical advantage and the equilibrium of forces.
Firstly, let's define mechanical advantage, which is a measure of the effectiveness of a machine in multiplying force. The mechanical advantage of a pulley system is determined by the number of ropes supporting the load. In this case, there is a single rope supporting the load, resulting in a mechanical advantage of 1.
Now, let's examine the equilibrium of forces acting on the system. When the object is in equilibrium, the sum of all the forces acting on it must be zero. In this case, the forces acting on the object include the weight (800 N) and the tension in the rope.
Since the pulleys are light and frictionless, the tension in the rope remains constant throughout the system. Thus, the tension in the rope will be equal to the force required to lift the object, which is 800 N.
The diagram shows a single rope passing over a pulley. One end of the rope is attached to the object, while the other end is pulled upwards. As the rope passes over the pulley, it changes direction, allowing the force applied to lift the object to be redirected.
By pulling the rope with a force equal to the weight of the object (800 N), the object can be lifted. The mechanical advantage of 1 ensures that the force applied to the rope is equal to the weight of the object, allowing the object to be lifted with ease.
In summary, the rope and pulley arrangement provides mechanical advantage by redirecting the force applied to lift the object. The tension in the rope should be equal to the weight of the object (800 N) in order to achieve equilibrium and lift the object.