What is the method of nitrogenous waste removal for the following & choose between ammonia, urea or uric acid
Tunicates
Fishes
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
I think tunicates are urea and fishes are ammonia? But please help because I'm not sure and I don't know the rest
To determine the method of nitrogenous waste removal for different organisms, we need to understand their excretory systems. Here are the methods of nitrogenous waste removal for each of the organisms you mentioned:
1. Tunicates: Tunicates are marine invertebrates. They eliminate nitrogenous waste mainly in the form of ammonia. Ammonia is highly toxic but is readily soluble in water, which allows them to directly excrete it.
2. Fishes: Most fishes eliminate nitrogenous waste predominantly in the form of ammonia. Ammonia is produced as a byproduct of protein metabolism and is excreted across the gills or through specialized excretory organs called kidneys.
3. Amphibians: Amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders, have a dual excretory system. They eliminate nitrogenous waste as both ammonia and urea. They generally excrete ammonia during their aquatic larval stage, as ammonia can be easily diluted and removed in water. As adults living on land, they excrete nitrogenous waste primarily as urea to conserve water.
4. Reptiles: Reptiles, including snakes and lizards, eliminate nitrogenous waste mainly in the form of uric acid. Uric acid is a relatively insoluble compound that requires less water for excretion and minimizes water loss. Since reptiles typically live in dry habitats, excreting uric acid helps them conserve water.
5. Birds: Birds eliminate nitrogenous waste primarily as uric acid. Uric acid is relatively insoluble, making it ideal for minimizing water loss. Birds have highly efficient excretory systems that allow them to excrete concentrated uric acid along with feces, reducing the amount of water needed for waste removal.
6. Mammals: Mammals, including humans, eliminate nitrogenous waste primarily in the form of urea. Urea is less toxic than ammonia and requires less water for excretion compared to uric acid. Mammals possess kidneys that filter waste products from the blood and produce urine, which contains urea and other waste materials.
To summarize:
- Tunicates excrete ammonia.
- Fishes excrete ammonia.
- Amphibians excrete both ammonia and urea.
- Reptiles excrete uric acid.
- Birds excrete uric acid.
- Mammals excrete urea.
Remember that this information serves as a general guideline, and some organisms may have adaptations and variations to these excretory processes based on their environment and physiological needs.