For each of the solvents below, indicate whether it will be the top or bottom layer when carrying out extraction of an aqueous layer of density 1.05 g/ml.

a) chloroform (bottom layer)

b) hexane =?????

c) toluene =?????

See the three links below. Select each and scroll down the page to the table on the right side of the screen. Find the density. If it is greater than 1.05 it will be on the bottom. If it is smaller than 1.05 it will float.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroform
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexane
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene

To determine whether a solvent will be the top or bottom layer during an extraction process, you need to compare the density of the solvent with the density of the aqueous layer. The density of the aqueous layer given in the question is 1.05 g/mL.

a) Chloroform (bottom layer): If chloroform has a higher density than the aqueous layer (1.05 g/mL), it will be the bottom layer. This means that the chloroform will sink to the bottom when the two layers are mixed together.

b) Hexane: To determine whether hexane will be the top or bottom layer, you need to know the density of hexane. Unfortunately, the density of hexane is not provided in the question. Hexane has a density of approximately 0.67 g/mL at room temperature. If the density of hexane is lower than 1.05 g/mL, it will be the top layer since it will float on top of the aqueous layer. However, if the density of hexane is higher than 1.05 g/mL, it will be the bottom layer.

c) Toluene: As with hexane, the density of toluene is not provided. The density of toluene is approximately 0.87 g/mL at room temperature. If the density of toluene is lower than 1.05 g/mL, it will be the top layer. Conversely, if the density of toluene is higher than 1.05 g/mL, it will be the bottom layer.

In summary, without knowing the specific densities of hexane and toluene, it is not possible to determine whether they will be the top or bottom layer during the extraction process.