Which statement is false?
The average kinetic energies of molecules from samples of different “ideal” gases is the same at the same temperature.
Molecules of a gas undergo many collisions with each other and the container walls.
All molecules of an ideal gas have the same kinetic energy at constant temperature.
Molecules of greater mass have a lower average speed than those of less mass at the same temperature.
I would go with c as the false statement.
To determine which statement is false, let's analyze each statement:
1. The average kinetic energies of molecules from samples of different "ideal" gases is the same at the same temperature.
This statement is true because according to the kinetic theory of gases, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. Therefore, at the same temperature, the average kinetic energy of molecules from different ideal gases would be the same.
2. Molecules of a gas undergo many collisions with each other and the container walls.
This statement is true. In the kinetic theory of gases, it is assumed that gas molecules are in constant motion and undergo frequent collisions with each other and with the walls of their container.
3. All molecules of an ideal gas have the same kinetic energy at constant temperature.
This statement is false. According to the kinetic theory of gases, although the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature, individual gas molecules can have different kinetic energies. The kinetic energy of a gas molecule depends on its mass and velocity.
4. Molecules of greater mass have a lower average speed than those of less mass at the same temperature.
This statement is true. The kinetic theory of gases states that at the same temperature, gas molecules with greater mass will have a lower average speed compared to gas molecules with less mass. This is because the kinetic energy of a gas molecule is proportional to its temperature but inversely proportional to its mass.
Therefore, the false statement is: "All molecules of an ideal gas have the same kinetic energy at constant temperature."